Saturday 31 January 2015

Adoxaceae Plant Family

Adoxaceae E. Mey DescriptionGeneral/Distribution: The family had been considered as monotypic, but quite recently Wu Cheng-Yi (in Acta Bot. Yunnanica 34:383-388, t. 1-2. 1981) has described two new Chinese genera-Tetradoxa C.Y. Wu and Sinadoxa C.Y. Wu.Acknowledgements:
The family's systematic position is doubtful. It was previously included in the Caprifoliaceae by Clarke (in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3:1.1880), from which it differs in the split stamens, semi-inferior ovary, 3-5-parted style and the general habit of the plant. Clarke (op. cit.) related the genus Adoxa to Chrysosplenium (Saxifragaceae). Willis (1973, ed. 8. Diet. Flow. Pl. & Ferns) is of the view that the family bears some resemblance to the Araliaceae, which it resembles in the inconspicuous flowers, semi-inferior ovary and the pendulous ovules. The present view is that family Adoxaceae is best placed between the families Caprifoliaceae and Valerianaceae.
Description
Small perennial, rhizomatous herbs. Leaves exstipulate; radical biternate, long petioled; cauline solitary or two; 3-foliolate. Flowers up to 5 in number. small, greenish, bisexual, in condensed cymose clusters. Calyx 2-3-lobed. Corolla 4-6-lobed. Stamens 4-5, epipetalous, alternating with the corolla lobes and apparently double their number, due to the deeply divided filaments; anthers monothecous. Carpels (2-)3-5, syncarpous. Ovary semi-inferior, with one pendulous ovule in each loculus. Fruit a drupe.
Floral FormulaAdoxaceae (Adoxa) B[K2C4A4 2] _ [K3C5A5 2]G-(2)-
Lower Taxa
Adoxa L.
!Sambucus L.
!Viburnum L.






Family Aceraceae or Sapindaceae Discription

Aceraceae Juss. in Pakistan
The maple family (Aceraceae) and Sapindaceae recently b
een added to same Sapindaceae family.
General/Distribution: A bigeneric family of temperate North America, N.W. Africa, Europe, Asia and Indonesia. Acer is found in Pakistan. The other genus, Dipteronia, is endemic to central China.Description of Aceraceae
Trees or shrubs, usually deciduous, rarely evergreen. Leaves simple or compound, opposite, palmately lobed or unlobed-penninerved; petiole bases meeting but not perfoliate, usually exstipulate. Inflorescence corymbose, fasciculate or racemose, lateral or terminal on leafy or leafless shoots. Flowers actinomorphic, perfect or unisexual, rarely dioecious. Sepals and petals 4-5, rarely absent. Stamens 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12, inserted inside or outside the disc. Ovary bicarpellate, transversely compressed, bilocular, each locule biovulate; stigma usually bifurcate, rarely absent. Fruit a geminate samara; mericarps indehiscent.
Floral Diagram
Sapindaceae floral diagram

Friday 30 January 2015

Acanthaceae Discription

General/Distribution: A large family of nearly 250 genera and 2500 species, distributed mainly in the tropics and extending to Mediterranean, Australia and Southern U.S.A. In Pakistan it is represented by 18 genera and 60 specific and infra-specific taxa; of which 44 are native.

Description Perennial sometimes annual, suffrutescent, armed or unarmed herbs or shrubs, rarely climbers or small trees. Leaves exstipulate, usually simple, opposite-decussate, entire or undulate-dentate, rarely crenate-dentate or lobed, mostly with cystoliths on the upper surface, petiolate or sessile. Flowers commonly in dichasial cymes becoming monochasial, often in dense to lax spikes, racemes, panicles, sometimes fasciculate or verticilate, rarely solitary; sessile or pedicellate, bisexual, hypogynous, usually zygomorphic; bracts 1,2 or more, often coloured, frequently large, imbricate, persistent, rarely absent. Calyx usually gamosepalous, persistent, 4-5-lobed, lobes valvate or imbricate, sometimes spinescent or reduced to truncate or 10-15-dentate minute tube. Corolla gamopetalous, tube cylindrical or ventricose, the limb of 5, subequally spreading lobes or strongly 2-lipped; upper lip erect or suberect, entire or 2-fid rarely absent or fimbriate; the lower lip more spreading, 3-fid or 3-lobed, lobes imbricate or controrted. Stamens 4 and didynamous or 2, epipetalous, ascending below the upper lip; anthers dorsifixed, usually unequal in a stamen pair, dithecous or monothecous, thecae parallel, divergent or superposed, appendaged or bearded, longitudinally dehiscent; stamindodes 0-1-3. Ovary conical or oblong-cylindric, bicarpellate, syncarpous, superior, sessile or minutely stipitate, bilocular, placentation axile, rarely parietal, ovules 2-10 (-many) in each locule, in 1 or 2 vertical rows, rarely collateral, anatropous; style simple, filiform stigmas 1 or 2 minute. Fruits a bivalved, 2-loculed, clavate to elliptic-ovoid or oblong-cylindric, terete or compressed, usually ± stipitate capsule, elastically dehiscent from apex downwards, rarely drupaceous. Seeds mostly flattened and lenticular or discoid rarely globose or angular, borne on retinacula or papillae, testa smooth, rugose, echinate, tuberculate, glochidiate, appressed hairy or papillate, embryo with scanty or no endosperm.

 Floral diagram 
acanthaceae floral diagram
Key 

1.            Calyx truncate or obscurely 10-16-toothed. Capsule globose below, abruptly beaked in the upper part. Plants climbing or twining. [cultivated]
1.            Calyx not truncate, usually deeply 4-5-lobed . capsule oblong, ovoid or ellipsoid, basally stipitate or not. Plants erect, prostrate to procumbent or straggling. [wild or cultivated]
2.            Corolla one-lipped, the upper lip absent or rudimentary, indurated
2.            Corolla 2-lipped or subequally 5-lobed, not indurated
3.            Corolla deeply to shallowly 2-lipped
4.            Fertile stamens 4
5.            Bracts spinescent or sharply acute
5.            Bracts not spinescent or sharply acute
6.            Cystoliths absent. Anthers monothecous, dorsally hairy. Seeds on papilliform funicles.

6.            Cystoliths present. Anthers dithecous; thecae equal, glabrous. Seeds on hooked retinacula
4.            Fertile stamens 2
7.            Staminodes present
8.            Flowers in axillary fascicles or terminal dense heads. Bracts leafy
8.            Flowers in terminal or axillary panicles. Bracts not leafy [cultivated]
7.            Staminodes absent
9.            Bracts partially united at the base, Capsule elastically dehiscent
Dicliptera
9.            Bracts free at the base. Capsules not elastically dehiscent
10.          Flowers mostly in trichotomously branched lax panicles of cymes
10.          Flowers mostly in congested spikes or panicles, sometimes solitary or in thyrsoid cymes
3.            Corolla subequally 5-lobed
11.          Fertile stamens 2. Staminodes 2
12.          Calyx 4-lobed, lobes imbricate
12.          Calyx 5-lobed, lobes valvate or contorted
13.          Corolla tube uniformly cylindrical, lobes contorted or twisted. Bracts small and inconspicuous
13.          Corolla tube cylindrical below, ventricose above, lobes valvate. Bracts large and conspicuous.[cultivated]
11.          Fertile stamens 4. Staminodes absent
14.          Bracts present
14.          Bracts present
15.          Calyx deeply 4-lobed, lobes clearly unequal, outer pair much larger than the inner. Bracts ciliate or spinescent
15.          Calyx 5-lobed, lobes equal or slightly unequal. Bracts neither ciliate nor spinescent
16.          Bracts 4-ranked, imbricated
17.          Stamens included; anthers monothecous, sterile cell bearded throughout. Capsule 4-seeded. [cultivated]
17.          Stamens very slightly protruding; anthers dithecous, both thecae fertile, glabrous. Capsule 6-20-seeded
16.          Bracts neither 4-ranked, imbricated
18.          Corolla lobes imbricate. Anther cells unequal. [cultivated]
18.          Corolla lobes twisted or contorted. Anther cells equal
19.          Anthers bristle-tipped and sagittate at the bases. Capsule 2 or 4-seeded, elastically dehiscent
19.          Anthers neither bristle-tipped nor sagittate, basally muticous. Capsule 4-20-seeded, not elastically dehiscent
20.          Leaves entire
21.          Bracts inconspicuous, usually linear, Capsule more than 8-seeded
21.          Bracts solitary, leafy. Capsule 4-8-seeded

20.          Leaves crenate or toothed
22.          Ovary 8-

22.          Ovary 4-8-ovuled. Flowers in axillary or terminal, interrupted spikes or panicles or capitate heads
Lower Taxa
!Acanthodium Delile
!Acanthus L.
Adhatoda Mill.
Aechmanthera Nees
Aphelandra R. Br.
Asteracantha Nees
!Asystasia Blume
Avicennia L.
!Barleria L.
Barleriacanthus Oerst.
Barlerites Oerst.
Beloperone Nees
!Blepharis Juss.
Crossandra Salisb.
Daedalacanthus T. Anderson  = Eranthemum L.
!Dianthera L.
!!Dicliptera Juss.
Dipteracanthus Nees  = Ruellia L.
!Eranthemum L.
Erianthera Nees
Gendarussa Nees
Graptophyllum Nees
Hemiadelphis Nees
Hemigraphis Nees
Hexacentris Nees
!Hygrophila R. Br.
!Jacobinia Moric.
!Justicia L.
!Lepidagathis Willd.
!Meyenia Nees
!Peristrophe Nees
Petalidium Nees
Pseudaechmanthera Bremek.
Pteracanthus (Nees) Bremek.
Rhaphidospora Nees
*Rostellaria Nees
Rostellularia Rchb.
!Ruellia L.
Sericographis Nees
!Strobilanthes Blume
!Thunbergia Retz.

Plant Species Name (List 1)

This is the list of All discovered plants in Pakistan. List 1

Abelia triflora R. Br.  (Key, Description) Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne  (Description)
Abelmoschus crinitus Wall.  (Description) Acalypha brachystachya Hornem.  (Description)
Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench  (Description) Acalypha ciliata Wall.  (Description)
Abelmoschus ficulneus (L.) Wight & Arn.  (Description) Acalypha hispida Burm. f.  (Description)
Abelmoschus moschatus Medik.  (Description) Acalypha indica L.  (Description)
Abelmoschus pungens Wall. ex Voigt  (Description) Acalypha wilkesiana MĂŒll. Arg.  (Description)
Abies pindrow (Royle ex D. Don) Royle  (Description) Acantholimon calocephalum Aitch. & Hemsl.  (Description)
Abies spectabilis Mirb.  (Description) Acantholimon leptostachyum Aitch. & Hemsl.  (Description)
Abildgaardia ovata (Burm. f.) Kral  (Description) Acantholimon longiflorum Boiss.  (Description)
Abrus precatorius L.  (Description) Acantholimon longiscapum Bokhari  (Description)
Abutilon alii Abedin  (Description) Acantholimon lycopodioides (Girard) Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon bidentatum Hochst. ex A. Rich.  (Key, Description) Acantholimon munroanum Aitch. & Hemsl.  (Description)
Abutilon figarianum Webb  (Description) Acantholimon polystachyum Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon fruticosum Guill. & Perr.  (Key, Description) Acantholimon stocksii Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon ghafoorianum Abedin  (Description) Acanthophyllum grandiflorum Stocks  (Description)
Abutilon grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet  (Description) Acanthophyllum honigbergeri (Boiss.) Barkoudah  (Description)
Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Sweet  (Key, Description) Acanthophyllum laxiflorum Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet  (Description) Acanthophyllum sordidum Bunge ex Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon karachianum S.A. Husain & Baquar  (Description) Acanthophyllum squarrosum Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon muticum (Delile) Sweet  (Description) Acer acuminatum Wall. ex D. Don  (Description)
Abutilon pakistanicum Jafri & Ali  (Description) Acer caesium Wall. ex Brandis  (Description)
Abutilon pannosum (G. Forst.) Schltdl.  (Description) Acer campestre L.  (Description)
Abutilon ramosum (Cav.) Guill. & Perr.  (Description) Acer cappadocicum Gled.  (Description)
Abutilon sepalum S.A. Husain & Baquar  (Description) Acer negundo L.  (Description)
Abutilon theophrasti Medik.  (Description) Acer oblongum Wall. ex DC.  (Description)
Acacia albida Delile  (Description) Acer pentapomicum Stewart ex Brandis  (Description)
Acacia aneura F. Muell.  (Description) Acer turkestanicum Pax  (Description)
Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.  (Description) Achillea biebersteinii Afan.  (Description)
Acacia catechu (L. f.) Willd.  (Description) Achillea filipendulina Lam.  (Description)
Acacia cornigera (L.) Willd.  (Description) Achillea millefolium L.  (Key, Description)
Acacia decurrens Willd.  (Description) Achillea setacea Waldst. & Kit.  (Description)
Acacia eburnea (L. f.) Willd.  (Description) Achillea wilhelmsii K. Koch  (Description)
Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.  (Description) Achyranthes aspera L.  (Description)
Acacia filicioides (Cav.) Branner & Coville  (Description) Achyranthes bidentata Blume  (Description)
Acacia gageana Craib  (Description) Acokanthera oblongifolia (Hochst.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks.  (Description)
Acacia homalophylla A. Cunn. ex Benth.  (Description) Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf ex Holmes  (Description)
Acacia hydaspica J. R. Drummond ex R. N. Parker  (Description) Aconitum curvipilum Riedl  (Description)
Acacia jacquemontii Benth.  (Description) Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle  (Key, Description)
Acacia leucophloea Willd.  (Description) Aconitum laeve Royle  (Description)
Acacia mearnsii De Wild.  (Description) Aconitum rotundifolium Kar. & Kir.  (Description)
Acacia melanoxylon R. Br.  (Description) Aconitum soongaricum Stapf  (Description)
Acacia mellifera (Vahl) Benth.  (Description) Aconitum violaceum Jacquem. ex Stapf  (Key, Description)
Acacia modesta Wall.  (Description) Aconogonon alpinum (All.) Schur  (Description)
Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile  (Description) Aconogonon coriarium (Grig.) SojĂĄk  (Description)
Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.L. Wendl.  (Description) Aconogonon molle (D. Don) H. Hara  (Description)
Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.  (Description) Aconogonon rumicifolium (Royle ex Bab.) H. Hara  (Description)
Acacia seyal Delile Aconogonon tortuosum (D. Don) H. Hara  (Key, Description)
Acacia sieberiana DC.  (Description) Acorus calamus L.  (Description)
Acacia sphaerocephala Cham. & Schltdl.  (Description) Acrachne racemosa (B. Heyne ex Roem. & Schult.) Ohwi  (Description)
Acacia torta (Roxb.) Craib  (Description) Acrocephalus hispidus (L.) Nicolson & Sivad.  (Description)

Acroglochin persicarioides (Poir.) Moq.  (Description) Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth.  (Description)
Actaea spicata L.  (Description) Ajuga parviflora Benth.  (Description)
Actinoscirpus grossus (L. f.) Goetgh. & D.A. Simpson  (Description) Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne.  (Description)
Adenanthera pavonina L.  (Description) Alajja rhomboidea (Benth.) Ikonn.  (Description)
Adonis aestivalis Link ex Webb & Berthel.  (Description) Alangium chinense (Lour.) Harms  (Description)
Adonis chrysocyathus Hook. f. & Thomson  (Description) Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr.  (Description)
Adoxa moschatellina L.  (Description) Albizia julibrissin Durazz.  (Key, Description)
Aechmanthera tomentosa Nees  (Description) Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.  (Description)
Aegilops cylindrica Host  (Description) Albizia lophantha (Willd.) Benth.  (Description)
Aegilops tauschii Coss.  (Description) Albizia lucida Benth.  (Description)
Aegilops triuncialis L.  (Description) Albizia odoratissima (L. f.) Benth.  (Description)
Aeginetia pedunculata (Roxburgh) Wallr.  (Description) Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth.  (Description)
Aegle marmelos (L.) CorrĂȘa  (Description) Alcea pallida Waldst.  (Description)
Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb.  (Description) Alcea rosea L.  (Description)
Aegopodium burttii Nasir  (Description) Aletris pauciflora (Klotzsch) Hand.-Mazz.  (Description)
Aeluropus lagopoides (L.) Trin. ex Thwaites  (Description) Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.  (Description)
Aeluropus littoralis (Gouan) Parl.  (Description) Alhagi maurorum Medik.  (Description)
Aeluropus macrostachyus Hack.  (Description) Aliopsis pygmaea (Regel & Schmalh.) Omer & Qaiser  (Description)
Aerva javanica (Burm. f.) Juss.  (Description) Alisma gramineum Lej.  (Description)
Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult.  (Description) Alisma lanceolatum With.  (Description)
Aerva sanguinolenta (L.) Blume  (Description) Allamanda cathartica L.  (Description)
Aeschynomene aspera L.  (Description) Allardia glabra Decne.  (Description)
Aeschynomene indica L.  (Description) Allardia nivea Hook. f. & Thomson ex C.B. Clarke  (Description)
Aesculus indica (Wall. ex Cambess.) Hook.  (Description) Allardia stoliczkae C.B. Clarke  (Description)
Aethionema carneum B. Fedtsch.  (Description) Allardia tomentosa Decne.  (Description)
Agathophora alopecuroides (Delile) Fenzl ex Bunge  (Description) Allardia tridactylites (Kar. & Kir.) Sch. Bip.  (Description)
Agave americana L.  (Description) Allardia vestita Hook. f. & Thomson ex C.B. Clarke  (Description)
Agave cantula Roxb.  (Description) Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grande  (Description)
Agave decipiens Baker  (Description) Allium atrosanguineum Schrenk  (Description)
Agave sisalana Perrine ex Engelm.  (Description) Allium baluchistanicum Wendelbo  (Description)
Agave vera-cruz Mill.  (Description) Allium barszczewskii Lipsky  (Description)
Agave wightii J.R. Drumm. & Prain  (Description) Allium borszczowii Regel  (Description)
Agriophyllum latifolium Fisch. & C.A. Mey.  (Description) Allium caesioides Wendelbo  (Description)
Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult.  (Description) Allium carolinianum DC.  (Description)
Agrostis filipes Hook. f.  (Description) Allium caspium M. Bieb.  (Description)
Agrostis gigantea Roth  (Description) Allium cepa L.  (Description)
Agrostis hissarica Roshev.  (Description) Allium chitralicum F.T. Wang & Tang  (Description)
Agrostis munroana Aitch. & Hemsl.  (Description) Allium consanguineum Kunth  (Description)
Agrostis pilosula Trin.  (Description) Allium dolichostylum Vved.  (Description)
Agrostis stolonifera L.  (Description) Allium farctum Wendelbo  (Description)
Agrostis vinealis Schreb.  (Description) Allium fedtschenkoanum Regel  (Description)
Agrostis viridis Gouan  (Description) Allium filidens Regel  (Description)
Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle  (Description) Allium filifolium Regel  (Description)
Ailanthus excelsa Roxb.  (Description) Allium gilgiticum F.T. Wang & Tang  (Description)
Ainsliaea aptera DC.  (Description) Allium gillii (Gilli) Wendelbo  (Description)
Ainsliaea latifolia (D. Don) Sch. Bip.  (Description) Allium griffithianum Boiss.  (Description)
Aitchisonia rosea Hemsl. ex Aitch.  (Description) Allium humile Kunth  (Description)
Aizoon canariense L.  (Description) Allium jacquemontii auct.  (Description)
Ajania fruticulosa (Ledeb.) Poljakov  (Description) Allium lamondiae Wendelbo  (Description)
Ajania tibetica (Hook. f. & Thomson ex C.B. Clarke) Tzvelev  (Description) Allium longicollum Wendelbo  (Description)

Allium macleanii Baker  (Description) Alyssum heterotrichum Boiss.  (Description)
Allium micranthum Wendelbo  (Description) Alyssum homalocarpum Boiss.  (Description)
Allium miserabile Wendelbo  (Description) Alyssum lanceolatum Baumg.  (Description)
Allium neapolitanum Cirillo  (Description) Alyssum linifolium Stephan ex Willd.  (Description)
Allium oreophilum C.A. Mey.  (Description) Alyssum marginatum Steud. ex Boiss.  (Description)
Allium oreoprasum Schrenk  (Description) Alyssum stapfii Vierh.  (Description)
Allium porrum L.  (Description) Alyssum turkestanicum Regel & Schmalh.  (Description)
Allium rosenbachianum Regel  (Description) Amaranthus caudatus L.  (Description)
Allium roylei Stearn  (Description) Amaranthus deflexus L.  (Description)
Allium sativum L.  (Description) Amaranthus graecizans Cutanda  (Description)
Allium schoenoprasum L.  (Description) Amaranthus hybridus L.  (Description)
Allium stipitatum Regel  (Description) Amaranthus lividus L.  (Description)
Allium stocksianum Boiss.  (Description) Amaranthus retroflexus L.  (Description)
Allium tenuicaule Regel  (Description) Amaranthus spinosus L.  (Description)
Allium tripterum Nasir  (Description) Amaranthus tenuifolius Wall.  (Description)
Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng.  (Description) Amaranthus tricolor L.  (Description)
Allium umbilicatum Boiss.  (Description) Amaranthus viridis L.  (Description)
Allium victorialis L.  (Description) Ammannia auriculata Willd.  (Description)
Alloteropsis cimicina (L.) Stapf  (Description) Ammannia baccifera L.  (Description)
Alnus nitida (Spach) Endl.  (Description) Ammannia desertorum Blatt. & Hallb.  (Description)
Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f.  (Description) Ammannia multiflora Roxb.  (Description)
Aloitis azurea (Bunge) Omer  (Description) Ammannia verticillata Boiss.  (Description)
Aloitis falconeri (C.B. Clarke) Omer, Qaiser & Ali  (Description) Ammi huntii H.C. Watson  (Description)
Aloitis holosteoides Omer, Qaiser & Ali  (Description) Ammi majus L.  (Description)
Aloitis moorcroftiana (Wall. ex G. Don) Omer, Qaiser & Ali  (Description) Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam.  (Description)
Aloitis umbellata (M. Bieb.) Omer, Qaiser & Ali  (Description) Amorpha fruticosa L.  (Description)
Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.  (Description) Ampelocissus latifolia (Roxb.) Planch.  (Description)
Alopecurus arundinaceus Poir.  (Description) Anabasis haussknechtii Bunge ex Boiss.  (Description)
Alopecurus himalaicus Hook. f.  (Description) Anabasis lachnantha Aellen & Rech. f.  (Description)
Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.  (Description) Anabasis setifera Moq.  (Description)
Alopecurus nepalensis Trin. ex Steud.  (Description) Anagallis arvensis L.  (Key, Description)
Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G. Don  (Description) Anaphalis adnata DC.  (Description)
Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.  (Description) Anaphalis boissieri Georgiadou  (Description)
Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson  (Description) Anaphalis busua (Buch.-Ham.) DC.  (Description)
Alternanthera paronychioides A. St.-Hil.  (Description) Anaphalis chitralensis Qaiser & Abid  (Description)
Alternanthera pungens Kunth  (Description) Anaphalis contorta (D. Don) Hook. f.  (Description)
Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC.  (Description) Anaphalis kashmiriana P.C. Pant, R.R. Rao & Garg  (Description)
Althaea cannabina L.  (Description) Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. f.  (Description)
Althaea ludwigii L.  (Description) Anaphalis nepalensis   (Key, Description)
Althaea officinalis L.  (Description) Anaphalis patentifolia Rech. f.  (Description)
Alysicarpus bupleurifolius (L.) DC.  (Description) Anaphalis roseo-alba Krasch.  (Description)
Alysicarpus heterophyllus (Baker) Jafri & Ali  (Description) Anaphalis royleana DC.  (Key, Description)
Alysicarpus longifolius Wight & Arn.  (Description) Anaphalis scopulosa Boriss.  (Description)
Alysicarpus monilifer (L.) DC.  (Description) Anaphalis staintonii Georgiadou  (Description)
Alysicarpus ovalifolius (Schumach.) J. LĂ©onard  (Description) Anaphalis triplinervis (Sims) C.B. Clarke  (Description)
Alysicarpus rugosus (Willd.) DC.  (Description) Anaphalis virgata Thomson ex C.B. Clarke  (Description)
Alysicarpus scariosus Graham  (Description) Anastatica hierochuntica L.  (Description)
Alysicarpus tetragonolobus Edgew.  (Description) Anchusa arvensis (L.) M. Bieb.
Alyssum dasycarpum Stephan ex Willd.  (Description) Anchusa azurea Schur  (Description)
Alyssum desertorum Stapf  (Description) Andrachne aspera Spreng.  (Description)

Andrachne cordifolia Hemsl.  (Description) Anthochlamys polygaloides (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Moq.  (Description)
Andrachne telephioides L.  (Description) Anthoxanthum odoratum L.  (Description)
Andropogon munroi C.B. Clarke  (Description) Anthriscus nemorosa (M. Bieb.) Spreng.  (Description)
Androsace aizoon Duby  (Key, Description) Antidesma acidum Retz.  (Description)
Androsace akbaitalensis Derganc  (Description) Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn.  (Description)
Androsace baltistanica Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Aphelandra deppeana Schltdl. & Cham.  (Description)
Androsace duthieana Knuth  (Description) Aphragmus oxycarpus (Hook. f. & Thomson) Jafri  (Description)
Androsace flavescens Maxim.  (Description) Apium graveolens L.  (Description)
Androsace foliosa Duby  (Description) Apium leptophyllum (Pers.) F. Muell. ex Benth.  (Description)
Androsace harrissii Duthie  (Key, Description) Apium nodiflorum (L.) Lag.  (Description)
Androsace hazarica R.R. Stewart ex Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Apluda mutica L.  (Description)
Androsace himalaica (Knuth) Hand.-Mazz.  (Key, Description) Aquilegia baluchistanica Qureshi & Chaudhri  (Description)
Androsace lanuginosa Wall.  (Description) Aquilegia chitralensis Qureshi & Chaudhri  (Description)
Androsace lowariensis Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Aquilegia fragrans Benth.  (Description)
Androsace mucronifolia Watt  (Description) Aquilegia moorcroftiana Wall. ex Royle  (Description)
Androsace muscoidea Duby  (Description) Aquilegia nivalis (Baker) Falc. ex B.D. Jacks.  (Description)
Androsace ojhorensis Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Aquilegia pubiflora Wall. ex Royle  (Description)
Androsace robusta (R. Knuth) Hand.-Mazz.  (Key, Description) Arabidopsis brevicaulis (Jafri) Jafri  (Description)
Androsace rotundifolia Sm.  (Key, Description) Arabidopsis himalaica (Edgew.) O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Androsace russellii Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Arabidopsis lasiocarpa (Hook. f. & Thomson) O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Androsace sempervivoides Jacquem. ex Duby  (Description) Arabidopsis mollissima O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Androsace septentrionalis L.  (Description) Arabidopsis pumila (Stephan) N. Busch  (Description)
Androsace staintonii Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Arabidopsis russelliana Jafri  (Description)
Androsace studiosorum Kress  (Description) Arabidopsis stricta (Cambess.) N. Busch  (Description)
Androsace thomsonii (Watt) Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Arabidopsis taraxacifolia (T. Anderson) Jafri  (Description)
Androsace umbellata (Lour.) Merr.  (Description) Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.  (Description)
Androsace villosissima (Knuth) Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Arabidopsis wallichii (Hook. f. & Thomson) N. Busch  (Description)
Anemone falconeri Thomson  (Description) Arabis amplexicaulis Edgew.  (Description)
Anemone obtusiloba D. Don  (Key, Description) Arabis bijuga G. Watt  (Description)
Anemone polyanthes D. Don  (Description) Arabis fruticulosa C.A. Mey.  (Description)
Anemone rivularis Buch.-Ham. ex DC.  (Description) Arabis nova Vill.  (Description)
Anemone rupicola Cambess.  (Description) Arabis pangiensis G. Watt  (Description)
Anemone tetrasepala Royle  (Description) Arabis pterosperma Edgew.  (Description)
Anemone tschernjaewii Regel  (Description) Arabis saxicola Edgew.  (Key)
Anemone vitifolia Buch.-Ham. ex DC.  (Description) Arabis tenuirostris O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Anethum graveolens L.  (Description) Arabis tibetica Hook. f. & Thomson  (Description)
Angelica glauca Edgew.  (Description) Arachis hypogaea L.  (Description)
Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze  (Description) Aralia cachemirica Decne.  (Description)
Annona muricata L.  (Description) Araucaria columnaris (J.R. Forst.) Hook.  (Description)
Annona reticulata L.  (Description) Araucaria cunninghamii Aiton ex D. Don  (Description)
Annona squamosa L.  (Description) Arceuthobium minutissimum Hook. f.  (Description)
Anogeissus latifolia   (Description) Arceuthobium oxycedri (DC.) M. Bieb.  (Description)
Anoplocaryum brandisii Brand  (Description) Archangelica oreadum Diels  (Description)
Antenoron filiforme (Thunb.) Roberty & Vautier  (Description) Arcyosperma primulifolium O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Anthemis altissima L.  (Description) Ardisia solanacea Roxb.  (Description)
Anthemis arvensis L.  (Description) Areca catechu L.  (Description)
Anthemis cotula L.  (Description) Arenaria bryophylla Fernald  (Description)
Anthemis kandharica Iranshahr  (Description) Arenaria festucoides Benth.  (Description)
Anthemis odontostephana Boiss.  (Description) Arenaria griffithii Boiss.  (Description)
Anthemis rhodocentra Iranshahr  (Description) Arenaria leptoclados Boiss.  (Description)

Arenaria neelgherrensis Wight & Arn.  (Description) Artemisia laciniata Willd.  (Description)
Arenaria orbiculata Royle ex Edgew. & Hook. f.  (Description) Artemisia macrocephala Jacquem. ex Besser  (Description)
Arenaria serpyllifolia Bourg. ex Willk. & Lange  (Description) Artemisia minor Jacquem. ex Besser  (Description)
Argemone mexicana L.  (Description) Artemisia moorcroftiana Wall. ex DC.  (Description)
Argemone ochroleuca Sweet  (Description) Artemisia persica Boiss.  (Description)
Argostemma sarmentosum Wall.  (Description) Artemisia roxburghiana Wall.  (Description)
Argyreia nervosa (Burm. f.) Bojer  (Description) Artemisia rutifolia Stephan ex Spreng.  (Description)
Argyrolobium flaccidum Jaub. & Spach  (Description) Artemisia salsoloides Willd.  (Description)
Argyrolobium roseum Jaub.  (Description) Artemisia santolinifolia Turcz. ex Besser  (Description)
Argyrolobium stenophyllum Boiss.  (Description) Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit.  (Description)
Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) Schott  (Description) Artemisia sieversiana Ehrh. ex Willd.  (Description)
Arisaema jacquemontii Blume  (Description) Artemisia stricta Fisch. ex Herder  (Description)
Arisaema pertusum Riedl  (Description) Artemisia vulgaris L.  (Description)
Arisaema propinquum Schott  (Description) Arthraxon lancifolius (Trin.) Hochst.  (Description)
Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott Arthraxon prionodes (Steud.) Dandy  (Description)
Arisaema utile Hook. f. ex Schott  (Description) Arthrocnemum indicum (Willd.) Moq.  (Description)
Aristida abnormis Chiov.  (Description) Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (Moric.) K. Koch  (Description)
Aristida adscensionis L.  (Description) Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.  (Description)
Aristida cyanantha Nees ex Steud.  (Description) Artocarpus lakucha Buch.-Ham.  (Description)
Aristida funiculata Trin. & Rupr.  (Description) Arum jacquemontii Blume  (Description)
Aristida hystricula Edgew.  (Description) Arundinaria falcata Nees  (Description)
Aristida mutabilis Trin. & Rupr.  (Description) Arundinella nepalensis Trin.  (Description)
Aristida triticoides Henrard  (Description) Arundo donax L.  (Description)
Aristolochia bracteolata Lam.  (Description) Asclepias curassavica L.  (Description)
Aristolochia elegans Mast.  (Description) Asparagus adscendens Roxb.  (Description)
Aristolochia punjabensis Lace  (Description) Asparagus capitatus Baker  (Description)
Arnebia benthamii (Wall. ex G. Don) I.M. Johnst.  (Description) Asparagus densiflorus (Kunth) Jessop  (Description)
Arnebia decumbens (Vent.) Coss. & Kralik  (Description) Asparagus dumosus Baker  (Description)
Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I.M. Johnst.  (Description) Asparagus filicinus Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don  (Description)
Arnebia fimbriopetala Stocks  (Description) Asparagus gharoensis Blatt.  (Description)
Arnebia grandiflora (Trautv.) Popov  (Description) Asparagus monophyllus Baker  (Description)
Arnebia griffithii Boiss.  (Description) Asparagus neglectus Kar. & Kir.  (Description)
Arnebia guttata Bunge  (Description) Asparagus officinalis L.  (Description)
Arnebia hispidissima (Sieber ex Lehm.) A. DC.  (Description) Asparagus persicus Baker  (Description)
Arnebia inconspicua Hemsl. & Lace  (Description) Asparagus racemosus Willd.  (Description)
Arnebia linearifolia A. DC.  (Description) Asparagus setaceus (Kunth) Jessop  (Description)
Arnebia speciosa Aitch. & Hemsl. Asperugo procumbens L.  (Description)
Artabotrys hexapetalus (L. f.) Bhandari  (Description) Asperula glomerata (M. Bieb.) Griseb.  (Description)
Artemisia absinthium L.  (Description) Asperula karataviensis Pavlov  (Description)
Artemisia amygdalina Decne.  (Description) Asperula oppositifolia Regel & Schmalh.  (Key, Description)
Artemisia annua L.  (Description) Asperula setosa Jaub. & Spach  (Description)
Artemisia biennis Willd.  (Description) Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav.  (Description)
Artemisia capillaris Miq.  (Description) Asthenatherum forskalii (Vahl) Nevski  (Description)
Artemisia desertorum Spreng.  (Description) Astilbe rivularis Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don  (Description)
Artemisia dracunculus L.  (Description) Astragalus affghanus Boiss.  (Description)
Artemisia dubia Wall. ex Besser  (Description) Astragalus alitschuri O. Fedtsch.  (Description)
Artemisia elegantissima Pamp.  (Description) Astragalus amherstianus Benth.  (Description)
Artemisia gmelinii Weber ex Stechm.  (Description) Astragalus ammophilus Kar. & Kir.
Artemisia incisa Pamp.  (Description) Astragalus anisacanthus Bunge  (Description)
Artemisia japonica Schmidt  (Description) Astragalus auganus Bunge  (Description)

Astragalus bakaliensis Bunge  (Description) Astragalus kahiricus DC.  (Description)
Astragalus bakeri Ali  (Description) Astragalus kashmirensis Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus bicuspis Fisch.  (Description) Astragalus khalifatensis Ali  (Description)
Astragalus breviscapus B. Fedtsch.  (Description) Astragalus koschukensis Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus campylorhynchus Fisch. & C.A. Mey.  (Description) Astragalus kuramensis Baker  (Description)
Astragalus candolleanus Royle ex Benth.  (Description) Astragalus lamondiae I. Deml  (Description)
Astragalus chitralensis Ali  (Description) Astragalus lasiosemius Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus chlorostachys Lindl.  (Description) Astragalus laspurensis Ali  (Description)
Astragalus clarkeanus Ali  (Description) Astragalus leptus Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus coluteocarpus Boiss. Astragalus leucocephalus Graham ex Benth.  (Description)
Astragalus compositus Pavlov  (Description) Astragalus lowarensis Ali  (Description)
Astragalus concinnus Reiche  (Description) Astragalus macropterus DC.  (Description)
Astragalus concretus Benth.  (Description) Astragalus maddenianus Benth. ex Baker f.  (Description)
Astragalus confertus Benth. ex Bunge  (Description) Astragalus malacophyllus Hort. ex G. Don, in Loudon  (Description)
Astragalus congestus Baker ex Aitchison  (Description) Astragalus mangeri Bornm.  (Description)
Astragalus contortuplicatus L.  (Description) Astragalus maxwellii Royle  (Description)
Astragalus corrugatus Bertol.  (Description) Astragalus medius Schrenk  (Description)
Astragalus densiflorus Kar. & Kir.  (Description) Astragalus melanostachys Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus diopogon Bunge  (Description) Astragalus minuto-foliolatus Wendelbo  (Description)
Astragalus droshensis Ali  (Description) Astragalus mirabilis Lipsky  (Description)
Astragalus edelbergianus Ć irj. & Rech. f.  (Description) Astragalus mirus Sosn.  (Description)
Astragalus eremophilus Boiss. Astragalus munroi Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus falconeri Bunge  (Description) Astragalus neubauerianus Ć irj. & Rech. f.  (Description)
Astragalus fatmensis Chiov.  (Description) Astragalus nicharensis Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus fernandezianus Blatt.  (Description) Astragalus nivalis Kar. & Kir.  (Description)
Astragalus filicaulis Kar. & Kir.  (Description) Astragalus oihorensis Ali  (Description)
Astragalus flemingii Ali  (Description) Astragalus ophiocarpus Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus flexus Fisch.  (Description) Astragalus oplites Benth. ex R. Parker  (Description)
Astragalus frigidus (L.) A. Gray  (Description) Astragalus orbiculatus Ledeb.  (Description)
Astragalus gahiratensis Ali  (Description) Astragalus orthocarpus Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus ghaznianus Ć irj. & Rech. f.  (Description) Astragalus oxyglottis Steven ex M. Bieb.  (Description)
Astragalus gilgitensis Ali  (Description) Astragalus oxyodon Baker  (Description)
Astragalus gompholobium Benth. ex Bunge  (Description) Astragalus peduncularis Royle ex Benth.  (Description)
Astragalus gracilipes Bunge  (Description) Astragalus pindreensis (Benth. ex Baker f.) Ali  (Description)
Astragalus grahamianus Royle  (Description) Astragalus polyacanthus Wall.  (Description)
Astragalus graveolens Buch.-Ham. ex Benth.  (Description) Astragalus polybotrys Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus hamosus Bal. ex Bunge  (Description) Astragalus pseudo-beckii Ć irj. & Rech. f.  (Description)
Astragalus harsukhianus Rech. f.  (Description) Astragalus pseudochlorostachys Ali  (Description)
Astragalus hauarensis Boiss. Astragalus pseudo-psilacanthus Ali  (Description)
Astragalus hemsleyi Aitchison & Baker ex Aitchison  (Description) Astragalus psilacanthus Fisch.  (Description)
Astragalus hendersonii Baker  (Description) Astragalus ptilocephalus Baker  (Description)
Astragalus heydei Baker  (Description) Astragalus purpurascens Jacq. f. ex Steudel  (Description)
Astragalus himalayanus Klotzsch  (Description) Astragalus pyrrhotrichus Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus hoffmeisteri (Klotzsch) Ali Astragalus retamocarpus Boiss. & Hohen.  (Description)
Astragalus holdichianus Aitch.  (Description) Astragalus rhizanthus Royle ex Benth.  (Description)
Astragalus hosackioides Benth. ex Baker f.  (Description) Astragalus rhizocephalus Baker ex Aitchison  (Description)
Astragalus hostilis Boiss.  (Description) Astragalus schimperi Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus imitensis Ali  (Description) Astragalus scorpiurus Bunge
Astragalus infestus Boiss.  (Description) Astragalus squarrosus Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus jabbor-khailii Kitam.  (Description) Astragalus staintonianus Ali  (Description)

Astragalus stewartii Baker  (Description) Bambusa arundinacea (Retz.) Willd.  (Description)
Astragalus stocksii Benth. ex Bunge  (Description) Bambusa glaucescens (Willd.) Merr.  (Description)
Astragalus strictus Graham ex Benth.  (Description) Barleria acanthoides Vahl  (Description)
Astragalus strobiliferus Benth.  (Description) Barleria cristata L.  (Description)
Astragalus subuliformis DC.  (Description) Barleria hochstetteri Nees  (Description)
Astragalus subumbellatus Klotzsch  (Description) Barleria prionitis L.  (Key, Description)
Astragalus sultani Ali  (Description) Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn.  (Description)
Astragalus sykesiae N.D. Simpson  (Description) Basella alba L.  (Description)
Astragalus tibetanus Bunge  (Description) Bassia dasyphylla (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Kuntze  (Description)
Astragalus toppinianus Ali  (Description) Bassia eriophora (Schrad.) Asch.  (Description)
Astragalus tribulifolius Benth. ex Bunge  (Description) Bassia hyssopifolia (Pall.) Kuntze  (Description)
Astragalus tribuloides Kotschy ex Bunge Batrachium rionii (Lagger) Nyman  (Description)
Astragalus trichocarpus M.J. Young  (Description) Batrachium trichophyllum F.W. Schultz  (Description)
Astragalus webbianus Graham ex Benth.  (Description) Bauhinia corymbosa Roxb. ex DC.  (Description)
Astragalus xanthoxiphidiopsis Rech. f.  (Description) Bauhinia linnaei Ali  (Description)
Astragalus zanskarensis Benth. ex Bunge  (Description) Bauhinia purpurea L.  (Description)
Astragalus zarghumensis Rech. f.  (Description) Bauhinia retusa Roxb.  (Description)
Asyneuma strictum Wendelbo  (Description) Bauhinia vahlii Wight & Arn.  (Description)
Asyneuma thomsonii (Hook. f.) Bornm.  (Description) Bauhinia variegata L.  (Description)
Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson  (Description) Beaumontia grandiflora Wall.  (Description)
Atelanthera perpusilla Hook. f. & Thomson  (Description) Begonia picta Sm.  (Description)
Atraphaxis pyrifolia Bunge  (Description) Begonia tenella D. Don  (Description)
Atraphaxis spinosa L.  (Description) Bellevalia glauca auct.  (Description)
Atriplex aucheri Moq.  (Description) Bellevalia saviczii Woron.  (Description)
Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.  (Description) Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.  (Description)
Atriplex dimorphostegia Kar. & Kir.  (Description) Berberis aitchisonii Ahrendt  (Description)
Atriplex griffithii Moq.  (Description) Berberis baluchistanica Ahrendt  (Description)
Atriplex halimus L.  (Description) Berberis brandisiana Ahrendt  (Description)
Atriplex hortensis L.  (Description) Berberis brevissima Jafri  (Description)
Atriplex lasiantha Boiss.  (Description) Berberis calliobotrys Bien. ex Koehne  (Description)
Atriplex leucoclada Boiss.  (Description) Berberis chitria Lindl.  (Description)
Atriplex pamirica Iljin  (Description) Berberis glaucocarpa Stapf  (Description)
Atriplex schugnanica Iljin  (Description) Berberis huegeliana C.K. Schneid.  (Description)
Atriplex stocksii Boiss.  (Description) Berberis jaeschkeana C.K. Schneid.  (Key)
Atriplex tatarica L.  (Description) Berberis kashmirana Ahrendt  (Description)
Atropa acuminata Royle  (Description) Berberis kunawurensis Royle  (Description)
Atylosia mollis Benth.  (Description) Berberis lycium Royle  (Description)
Atylosia platycarpa Benth.  (Description) Berberis orthobotrys Bien. ex Aitch.  (Key, Description)
Atylosia scarabaeoides (L.) Benth.  (Description) Berberis pachyacantha Bien. ex Koehne  (Key)
Avena barbata Pott ex Link  (Description) Berberis parkeriana C.K. Schneid.  (Description)
Avena byzantina K. Koch  (Description) Berberis pseudumbellata R. Parker  (Key, Description)
Avena fatua L.  (Description) Berberis royleana Ahrendt  (Description)
Averrhoa bilimbi L.  (Description) Berberis stewartiana Jafri  (Description)
Averrhoa carambola L.  (Description) Berberis ulicina Hook. f. & Thomson  (Description)
Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.  (Description) Berchemia edgeworthii M.A. Lawson  (Description)
Axyris hybrida L.  (Description) Berchemia floribunda (Wall.) Brongn.  (Description)
Axyris prostrata L.  (Description) Berchemia pakistanica Browicz  (Description)
Azadirachta indica A. Juss.  (Description) Bergenia ciliata Sternb.  (Key, Description)
Balanophora involucrata Hook. f.  (Description) Bergenia stracheyi (Hook. f. & Thomson) Engl.  (Description)
Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) MĂŒll. Arg.  (Description) Bergia aestivosa (Wight) Steud.  (Description)

Genera of Pakistan


Following Genera are Present in Pakistan
Abelia R. Br.  (Description)
Alcea L.  (Key, Description)
Abelmoschus Medik.  (Key, Description)
Aletris L.  (Description)
Abies Mill.  (Key, Description)
Aleurites J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.  (Description)
Abildgaardia Vahl  (Description)
Alhagi Gagnebin  (Description)
Abrus Adans.  (Description)
Aliopsis Omer & Qaiser  (Description)
Abutilon Mill.  (Key, Description)
Alisma L.  (Key, Description)
Acacia Mill.  (Key, Description)
Allamanda L.  (Description)
Acalypha L.  (Key, Description)
Allardia Decne.  (Key, Description)
Acantholimon Boiss.  (Key, Description)
Alliaria Matthioli & Heist. ex Fabr.  (Description)
Acanthophyllum C.A. Mey.  (Key, Description)
Allium L.  (Key, Description)
Acer L.  (Key)
Alloteropsis J. Presl  (Description)
Achillea L.  (Key, Description)
Alnus Mill.  (Description)
Achyranthes L.  (Key, Description)
Alocasia (Schott) G. Don  (Description)
Acokanthera G. Don  (Description)
Aloe L.  (Description)
Aconogonon (Meisn.) Rchb.  (Key, Description)
Aloitis Raf.  (Key, Description)
Acorus L.  (Description)
Alopecurus L.  (Key, Description)
Acrachne Wight & Arn. ex Chiov.  (Description)
Alstonia R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Acrocephalus Benth.  (Description)
Alternanthera Forssk.  (Key, Description)
Acroglochin Schrad.  (Description)
Althaea L.  (Key, Description)
Actaea L.  (Description)
Alysicarpus Neck. ex Desv.  (Key, Description)
Actinoscirpus (Ohwi) R.W. Haines & Lye  (Description)
Alyssum L.  (Key, Description)
Adenanthera L.  (Description)
Amaranthus L.  (Key, Description)
Adonis L.  (Key, Description)
Ammannia L.  (Key, Description)
Adoxa L.  (Description)
Ammi L.  (Key, Description)
Aechmanthera Nees  (Description)
Amorpha L.  (Description)
Aegiceras Gaertn.  (Description)
Ampelocissus Planch.  (Description)
Aegilops L.  (Key, Description)
Ampelopsis Michx.  (Key, Description)
Aeginetia L.  (Description)
Anabasis L.  (Key, Description)
Aegle CorrĂȘa  (Description)
Anagallis L.  (Description)
Aegopodium L.  (Key, Description)
Anaphalis DC.  (Key, Description)
Aeluropus Trin.  (Key, Description)
Anastatica L.  (Description)
Aerva Forssk.  (Key, Description)
Anchusa L.  (Key, Description)
Aeschynomene L.  (Key, Description)
Andrachne L.  (Key, Description)
Aesculus L.  (Description)
Andropogon L.  (Description)
Aethionema W.T. Aiton  (Description)
Androsace L.  (Key, Description)
Agathophora (Fenzl) Bunge  (Description)
Anemone L.  (Key, Description)
Agave L.  (Key, Description)
Anethum L.  (Description)
Agriophyllum M. Bieb.  (Description)
Angelica L.  (Key, Description)
Agropyron Gaertn.  (Description)
Anisomeles R. Br.  (Description)
Agrostis L.  (Key, Description)
Annona L.  (Key, Description)
Ailanthus Desf.  (Key, Description)
Anogeissus (DC.) Wall. ex Guill., Perr. & A. Rich.  (Description)
Ainsliaea DC.  (Key, Description)
Anoplocaryum Ledeb.  (Description)
Aitchisonia Hemsley ex Aitchison  (Description)
Antenoron Raf.  (Description)
Aizoon L.  (Description)
Anthemis L.  (Key, Description)
Ajania Poljakov  (Key, Description)
Anthochlamys Fenzl  (Description)
Ajuga L.  (Key, Description)
Anthoxanthum L.  (Description)
Akebia Decne.  (Description)
Anthriscus Pers.  (Description)
Alajja Ikonn.  (Description)
Antidesma L.  (Description)
Alangium Lam.  (Description)
Antigonon Endl.  (Description)
Albizia Durazz.  (Key, Description)
Aphragmus Andrz. ex DC.  (Description)
Avicennia L.  (Description)
Apium L.  (Key, Description)
Axyris L.  (Key, Description)
Apluda L.  (Description)
Azadirachta A. Juss.  (Description)
Aquilegia L.  (Key, Description)
Balanophora J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.  (Description)
Arabidopsis (DC.) Heynh.  (Key, Description)
Baliospermum Blume  (Description)
Arabis L.  (Key, Description)
Bambusa Schreb.  (Key, Description)
Arachis L.  (Description)
Barleria L.  (Key, Description)
Aralia L.  (Description)
Barringtonia J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.  (Description)
Araucaria Juss.  (Key, Description)
Basella L.  (Description)
Arceuthobium M. Bieb.  (Key, Description)
Bassia All.  (Key, Description)
Archangelica Wolf 
Batrachium (DC.) Gray  (Key, Description)
Arcyosperma O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Bauhinia L.  (Key, Description)
Ardisia Sw.  (Description)
Beaumontia Wall.  (Description)
Areca L.  (Description)
Begonia L.  (Key, Description)
Arenaria L.  (Key, Description)
Bellevalia Lapeyr.  (Key, Description)
Argemone L.  (Key, Description)
Benincasa Savi  (Description)
Argostemma Wall.  (Description)
Berberis L.  (Key, Description)
Argyreia Lour.  (Key, Description)
Berchemia Neck. ex DC.  (Key, Description)
Argyrolobium Eckl. & Zeyh.  (Key, Description)
Bergenia Moench  (Key, Description)
Arisaema Mart.  (Key, Description)
Bergia L.  (Key, Description)
Aristida L.  (Key, Description)
Berula W.D.J. Koch  (Description)
Aristolochia L.  (Key, Description)
Beta L.  (Description)
Arnebia Forssk.  (Key, Description)
Betula L.  (Description)
Artabotrys R. Br.  (Description)
Biebersteinia Stephan  (Description)
Artemisia L.  (Key, Description)
Bienertia Bunge ex Boiss.  (Description)
Artemisiella Ghafoor  (Description)
Bistella Adans.  (Description)
Arthraxon P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Bistorta (L.) Scop.  (Key, Description)
Arthrocnemum Moq.  (Key, Description)
Blepharis Juss.  (Key, Description)
Artocarpus J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.  (Key, Description)
Blumeopsis Gagnep.  (Description)
Arum L.  (Description)
Blysmus Panz. ex Schult.  (Key, Description)
Arundinaria Michx.  (Description)
Blyxa Noronha ex Thouars  (Description)
Arundinella Raddi  (Description)
Boehmeria Jacq.  (Description)
Arundo L.  (Description)
Boenninghausenia Rchb. ex Meisn.  (Description)
Asclepias L.  (Description)
Boerhavia L.  (Key, Description)
Asparagus L.  (Key, Description)
Boissiera Hochst. ex Steud.  (Description)
Asperugo L.  (Description)
Bolboschoenus (Asch.) Palla  (Key, Description)
Asperula L.  (Key, Description)
Bombax L.  (Description)
Asphodelus L.  (Description)
Bongardia C.A. Mey.  (Description)
Asthenatherum Nevski  (Description)
Borassus L.  (Description)
Astilbe Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don  (Description)
Boreava Jaub. & Spach  (Description)
Astragalus L.  (Key, Description)
Borreria G. Mey.  (Key, Description)
Asyneuma Griseb. & Schenk  (Key, Description)
Bosea L.  (Description)
Asystasia Blume  (Description)
Bothriochloa Kuntze  (Key, Description)
Atelanthera Hook. f. & Thomson  (Description)
Bothriospermum Bunge  (Description)
Atraphaxis L.  (Key, Description)
Bougainvillea Comm. ex Juss.  (Key, Description)
Atriplex L.  (Key, Description)
Bowlesia Ruiz & Pav.  (Description)
Atropa L.  (Description)
Brachiaria (Trin.) Griseb.  (Key, Description)
Atylosia Wight & Arn.  (Key, Description)
Brachychiton Schott & Endl.  (Key, Description)
Avena L.  (Key, Description)
Brachypodium P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Averrhoa L.  (Key, Description)
Braya Sternb. & Hoppe  (Key, Description)
Capsicum L.  (Key, Description)
Breynia J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.  (Key, Description)
Caragana Fabr.  (Key, Description)
Bridelia Willd.  (Key, Description)
Caralluma R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Briza L.  (Key, Description)
Cardamine L.  (Key, Description)
Bromus L.  (Key, Description)
Cardaria Desv.  (Key, Description)
Broussonetia L'HĂ©r. ex Vent.  (Description)
Cardiocrinum (Endl.) Lindl.  (Description)
Bruguiera Lam.  (Description)
Cardiospermum L.  (Description)
Bryonia L.  (Key, Description)
Carex L.  (Key, Description)
Bryophyllum Salisb.  (Key, Description)
Carica L.  (Description)
Buchingera Boiss. & Hohen.  (Description)
Carissa L.  (Key, Description)
Buddleja L.  (Key, Description)
Carum L.  (Description)
Bufonia L.  (Description)
Caryopteris Bunge  (Key, Description)
Buglossoides Moench  (Key, Description)
Caryota L.  (Description)
Bulbostylis Kunth  (Key, Description)
Casearia Jacq.  (Key, Description)
Bunium L.  (Key, Description)
Cassia L.  (Key, Description)
Bupleurum L.  (Key, Description)
Cassine L.  (Description)
Bursera Jacq. ex L.  (Description)
Cassiope D. Don  (Description)
Butea Roxb. ex Willd.  (Description)
Castanea Mill.  (Description)
Butomus L.  (Description)
Castanospermum A. Cunn. ex Mudie  (Description)
Buxus L.  (Key, Description)
Castellia Tineo  (Description)
Caccinia Savi  (Description)
Casuarina L.  (Key, Description)
Cadaba Forssk.  (Key, Description)
Catabrosa P. Beauv.  (Description)
Caesalpinia L.  (Key, Description)
Catabrosella (Tzvelev) Tzvelev  (Description)
Cajanus Adans.  (Description)
Catalpa Scop.  (Key, Description)
Calamagrostis Adans.  (Key, Description)
Catesbaea L.  (Description)
Calamintha Mill.  (Key, Description)
Catharanthus G. Don  (Description)
Calamus L.  (Description)
Catunaregam Wolf  (Description)
Calanthe R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Cedrela P. Browne  (Key, Description)
Caldesia Parl.  (Key, Description)
Cedrus Trew  (Description)
Calliandra Benth.  (Key, Description)
Ceiba Mill.  (Description)
Callianthemum C.A. Mey.  (Key, Description)
Celastrus L.  (Description)
Callicarpa L.  (Description)
Celosia L.  (Description)
Calligonum L.  (Key, Description)
Celtis L.  (Key, Description)
Callipeltis Steven  (Description)
Cenchrus L.  (Description)
Callistemon R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Centaurium Hill  (Key, Description)
Callitriche L.  (Key)
Centella L.  (Description)
Calotropis R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Centranthus DC.  (Description)
Caltha L.  (Key, Description)
Cephalanthera Rich.  (Description)
Calystegia R. Br.  (Description)
Cephalaria Schrad. ex Schult. & Schult. f.  (Description)
Camelina Crantz  (Key, Description)
Cerastium L.  (Key, Description)
Campanula L.  (Key, Description)
Ceratocarpus L.  (Description)
Camphorosma L.  (Description)
Ceratocephala Moench  (Key, Description)
Campsis Lour.  (Key, Description)
Ceratonia L. 
Campylotropis Bunge  (Key, Description)
Ceratophyllum L.  (Description)
Canavalia Adans.  (Description)
Cercis L.  (Description)
Canna L.  (Description)
Ceriops Arn.  (Description)
Cannabis L.  (Description)
Ceropegia L.  (Key, Description)
Capillipedium Stapf  (Key, Description)
Cestrum L.  (Key, Description)
Capparis L.  (Key, Description)
Chaerophyllum L.  (Key, Description)
Capsella Medik.  (Description)
Chamaerhodos Bunge  (Description)
Colebrookea Sm.  (Description)
Chascanum E. Mey.  (Description)
Colocasia Schott  (Description)
Cheiranthus L.  (Description)
Colutea L.  (Key, Description)
Chelonopsis Miq.  (Description)
Comastoma (Wettst.) Toyok.  (Key, Description)
Chenopodium L.  (Key, Description)
Combretum Loefl.  (Key, Description)
Chesneya Lindl. ex Endl.  (Key, Description)
Cometes L.  (Description)
Chionachne R. Br.  (Description)
Commelina L.  (Key, Description)
Chloris Sw.  (Key, Description)
Commicarpus Standl.  (Key, Description)
Chorisia Kunth  (Description)
Commiphora Jacq.  (Key, Description)
Chorispora R. Br. ex DC.  (Key, Description)
Conium L.  (Description)
Christisonia Gardner  (Description)
Conringia Heist. ex Fabr.  (Key, Description)
Christolea Cambess.  (Key, Description)
Consolida (DC.) Gray  (Key, Description)
Chrozophora Neck. ex A. Juss.  (Key, Description)
Convolvulus L.  (Key, Description)
Chrysalidocarpus H. Wendl.  (Description)
Corallocarpus Welw. ex Benth. & Hook. f.  (Key, Description)
Chrysanthemum L.  (Description)
Corallorrhiza ChĂątel.  (Description)
Chrysophyllum L.  (Description)
Corbichonia Scop.  (Description)
Chrysopogon Trin.  (Key, Description)
Corchorus L.  (Key, Description)
Chukrasia A. Juss.  (Description)
Cordia L.  (Key, Description)
Cicer L.  (Key, Description)
Cordyline Comm. ex R. Br.  (Description)
Cicuta L.  (Description)
Coriandrum L.  (Description)
Cimicifuga L. ex Wernisch.  (Description)
Coriaria L.  (Description)
Ciminalis Adans.  (Key, Description)
Corispermum L.  (Key, Description)
Cinnamomum Schaeff.  (Key, Description)
Cornulaca Delile  (Key, Description)
Circaea L.  (Key, Description)
Cornus L.  (Key, Description)
Cissampelos L.  (Description)
Coronopus Zinn  (Description)
Cissus L.  (Key, Description)
Cortia DC.  (Key, Description)
Cistanche Hoffmanns. & Link  (Description)
Cortusa L.  (Key, Description)
Cithareloma Bunge  (Description)
Corydalis DC.  (Key, Description)
Citharexylum L.  (Description)
Corylus L. 
Citrullus Schrad.  (Key, Description)
Corymbia K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson  (Key, Description)
Citrus L.  (Key, Description)
Cotinus Mill.  (Description)
Cladium P. Browne  (Description)
Cotula L.  (Key, Description)
Clematis L.  (Key, Description)
Couroupita Aubl.  (Description)
Cleome L.  (Key, Description)
Crambe L.  (Description)
Clerodendrum L.  (Key, Description)
Craniotome Rchb.  (Description)
Clinopodium L.  (Key, Description)
Crataeva L. 
Clitoria L.  (Description)
Cremanthodium Benth.  (Key, Description)
Clypeola L.  (Key, Description)
Cressa L.  (Description)
Clytostoma Miers ex Bureau  (Description)
Crocus L.  (Key, Description)
Coccinia Wight & Arn.  (Description)
Crossandra Salisb.  (Description)
Cocculus DC.  (Key, Description)
Crotalaria L.  (Key, Description)
Cochlearia L.  (Description)
Croton L.  (Description)
Cocos L.  (Description)
Crucianella L.  (Description)
Codiaeum Rumph. ex A. Juss.  (Description)
Crypsis Aiton  (Description)
Codonopsis Wall.  (Key, Description)
Cryptolepis R. Br.  (Description)
Coelachyrum Hochst. & Nees  (Description)
Cryptostegia R. Br.  (Description)
Coeloglossum Lindl.  (Description)
Ctenolepis Hook. f.  (Description)
Coix L.  (Description)
Cucubalus L.  (Description)
Colchicum L.  (Key, Description)
Cucumis L.  (Key, Description)
Coldenia L.  (Description)
Cuminum L.  (Key, Description)
Dicoma Cass.  (Key, Description)
Cupaniopsis Radlk.  (Description)
Dictamnus L.  (Description)
Cupressus L.  (Key, Description)
Didymophysa Boiss.  (Description)
Curculigo Gaertn.  (Description)
Dieffenbachia Schott  (Description)
Curcuma L.  (Key, Description)
Digera Forssk.  (Description)
Cuscuta L.  (Key)
Digitaria Haller  (Key, Description)
Cutandia Willk.  (Description)
Dillenia L.  (Description)
Cyamopsis DC.  (Description)
Dilophia Thomson  (Description)
Cyanotis D. Don  (Key, Description)
Dinebra Jacq.  (Description)
Cycas L.  (Key)
Dionysia Fenzl  (Key, Description)
Cymbidium Sw.  (Description)
Dioscorea L.  (Key, Description)
Cymbolaena Smoljan.  (Description)
Diospyros L.  (Key, Description)
Cymbopogon Spreng.  (Key, Description)
Dipcadi Medik.  (Key, Description)
Cynanchum L.  (Key, Description)
Diphylax Hook. f.  (Description)
Cynodon Rich.  (Key, Description)
Diplachne P. Beauv.  (Description)
Cynoglossum L.  (Key, Description)
Diplocyclos (Endl.) T. Post & Kuntze  (Description)
Cynomorium L.  (Description)
Diplotaxis DC.  (Key, Description)
Cyperus L.  (Key, Description)
Dipsacus L.  (Key, Description)
Cypripedium L.  (Description)
Dipterygium Decne.  (Description)
Dactylis L.  (Description)
Diptychocarpus Trautv.  (Description)
Dactyloctenium Willd.  (Key, Description)
Dodonaea Mill.  (Description)
Dactylorhiza Neck. ex Nevski  (Key, Description)
Doellia Sch. Bip.  (Description)
Dalbergia L. f.  (Key, Description)
Dolichandra Cham.  (Description)
Dalechampia L.  (Description)
Dombeya Cav.  (Key, Description)
Danthonia DC.  (Key, Description)
Dontostemon Andrz. ex Ledeb.  (Description)
Danthoniopsis Stapf  (Description)
Dorema D. Don  (Key, Description)
Daphne L.  (Key, Description)
Doronicum L.  (Key, Description)
Datisca L. 
Draba L.  (Key, Description)
Datura L.  (Key, Description)
Drabopsis K. Koch  (Description)
Daucus L.  (Description)
Dracocephalum L.  (Key, Description)
Debregeasia Gaudich.  (Description)
Drepanocaryum Pojark.  (Description)
Deeringia R. Br.  (Description)
Drimia Jacq.  (Description)
Delonix Raf.  (Key, Description)
Duchesnea Sm.  (Description)
Delphinium L.  (Key, Description)
Ducrosia Boiss.  (Key, Description)
Dendranthema (DC.) Des Moul.  (Description)
Dumasia DC.  (Description)
Dendrocalamus Nees  (Description)
Duranta L.  (Key, Description)
Derris Lour.  (Description)
Duthiea Speta  (Key, Description)
Deschampsia P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Ebenus L.  (Description)
Descurainia Webb & Berthel.  (Description)
Echinochloa P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Desmanthus Willd.  (Description)
Echinophora L.  (Description)
Desmodium Desv.  (Key, Description)
Echiochilon Desf.  (Description)
Desmostachya (Stapf) Stapf  (Description)
Echium L.  (Description)
Deutzia Thunb.  (Key, Description)
Ehretia P. Browne  (Key, Description)
Dianthus L.  (Key, Description)
Eichhornia Kunth  (Description)
Diarthron Turcz.  (Description)
Elaeagnus L.  (Key, Description)
Diceratella Boiss.  (Key, Description)
Eleocharis R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Dichanthium Willemet  (Key, Description)
Eleusine Gaertn.  (Key, Description)
Dichondra J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.  (Description)
Elionurus Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.  (Description)
Dichrostachys (DC.) Wight & Arn.  (Description)
Elsholtzia Willd.  (Key, Description)
Dicliptera Juss.  (Key, Description)
Embelia Burm. f.  (Description)
Ficus L.  (Key, Description)
Emex Neck. ex Campd.  (Key, Description)
Filago L.  (Key, Description)
Enarthrocarpus Labill.  (Description)
Fimbristylis Vahl  (Key, Description)
Engelhardia Lesch. ex Blume  (Description)
Fingerhuthia Nees ex Lehm.  (Description)
Enneapogon Desv. ex P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Fioria Mattei  (Description)
Ephedra L.  (Key, Description)
Firmiana Marsili  (Key, Description)
Epilobium L.  (Key, Description)
Flacourtia Comm. ex L'HĂ©r.  (Key, Description)
Epimedium L.  (Description)
Flemingia Roxb. ex W.T. Aiton  (Key, Description)
Epipactis Zinn  (Key, Description)
Flueggea Willd.  (Key, Description)
Epipogium J.F. Gmel. ex Borkh.  (Key, Description)
Foeniculum Mill.  (Description)
Epipremnum Schott  (Description)
Forsskaolea L.  (Description)
Eragrostis Wolf  (Key, Description)
Forsythia Vahl  (Description)
Eranthemum L.  (Description)
Fortuynia Shuttleworth in Boiss.  (Description)
Eremobium Boiss.  (Description)
Fragaria L.  (Description)
Eremopoa Roshev.  (Key, Description)
Frankenia L.  (Description)
Eremopyrum (Ledeb.) Jaub. & Spach  (Key, Description)
Fraxinus L.  (Key, Description)
Eremostachys Bunge  (Key, Description)
Freesia Eckl. ex Klatt  (Description)
Eremurus M. Bieb.  (Key, Description)
Fritillaria L.  (Key, Description)
Eriocaulon L.  (Description)
Fuirena Rottb.  (Description)
Eriochloa Kunth  (Key, Description)
Fumaria L.  (Key, Description)
Eriocycla Lindl.  (Key, Description)
Furcraea Vent. 
Eriophorum L.  (Description)
Gagea Salisb.  (Key, Description)
Erioscirpus Palla  (Key, Description)
Gaillonia A. Rich. ex DC.  (Key, Description)
Eritrichium Schrad. ex Gaudin  (Key, Description)
Galega L.  (Description)
Erodium L'HĂ©r. ex Aiton  (Key, Description)
Galeopsis L.  (Description)
Erophila DC.  (Key, Description)
Galium L.  (Key, Description)
Eruca Mill.  (Description)
Gamanthus Bunge  (Description)
Erucaria Gaertn.  (Description)
Gamochaeta Wedd.  (Description)
Ervatamia (DC.) Stapf  (Description)
Gardenia J. Ellis  (Description)
Eryngium L.  (Key, Description)
Garuga Roxb.  (Description)
Erysimum L.  (Key, Description)
Gastrocotyle Bunge  (Description)
Erythrina L.  (Key, Description)
Gastrodia R. Br.  (Description)
Eschscholtzia Bernh.  (Description)
Gaultheria L.  (Description)
Eucalyptus L'HĂ©r.  (Key, Description)
Geniosporum Wall. ex Benth.  (Key, Description)
Euclidium W.T. Aiton  (Key, Description)
Gentianodes Á. Löve & D. Löve  (Key, Description)
Eulalia Kunth  (Description)
Gentianopsis Ma  (Key, Description)
Eulaliopsis Honda  (Description)
Geranium L.  (Key, Description)
Eulophia R. Br. ex Lindl.  (Key, Description)
Gerbera L.  (Description)
Euonymus L.  (Key, Description)
Ginkgo L. 
Euphorbia L.  (Key, Description)
Girardinia Gaudich.  (Description)
Euryale Salisb.  (Description)
Girgensohnia Bunge ex Fenzl  (Description)
Evolvulus L.  (Description)
Gisekia L.  (Description)
Excoecaria L.  (Description)
Gladiolus L.  (Description)
Fagonia L.  (Key, Description)
Glaucium Mill.  (Key, Description)
Fagopyrum Mill.  (Key, Description)
Glaux L.  (Description)
Fallopia Adans.  (Key, Description)
Gleditsia L.  (Key, Description)
Farsetia Turra  (Key, Description)
Glinus L.  (Description)
Fernandoa Welw. ex Seem.  (Description)
Glochidion J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.  (Description)
Ferula L.  (Key, Description)
Glossonema Decne.  (Description)
Festuca L.  (Key, Description)
Glycine Willd.  (Description)
Heliotropium L.  (Key, Description)
Glycosmis CorrĂȘa  (Description)
Hemarthria R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Glycyrrhiza L.  (Key, Description)
Hemerocallis L.  (Description)
Gmelina L.  (Key, Description)
Hemidesmus R. Br.  (Description)
Gnaphalium L.  (Key)
Hemigraphis Nees  (Description)
Goldbachia DC.  (Key, Description)
Henrardia C.E. Hubb.  (Description)
Gomphrena L.  (Key, Description)
Heracleum L.  (Key, Description)
Goniogyna DC.  (Description)
Herminium L.  (Key, Description)
Gontscharovia Boriss.  (Description)
Herniaria L.  (Key, Description)
Goodyera R. Br.  (Description)
Hertia Less.  (Key, Description)
Gossypium L.  (Key, Description)
Hesperis L.  (Description)
Graellsia Boiss.  (Description)
Heteranthelium Hochst.  (Description)
Graptophyllum Nees  (Description)
Heterocaryum A. DC.  (Key, Description)
Grevillea R. Br. ex Knight  (Description)
Heteropogon Pers.  (Description)
Grewia L.  (Key, Description)
Hibiscus L.  (Key, Description)
Guazuma Mill.  (Description)
Himalrandia T. Yamaz.  (Description)
Gueldenstaedtia Fisch.  (Description)
Hippocrepis L.  (Description)
Gymnadenia R. Br.  (Description)
Hippolytia Poljakov  (Key, Description)
Gymnocarpos Forssk.  (Description)
Hippophae L.  (Description)
Gynandropsis DC.  (Description)
Hippuris L.  (Description)
Gypsophila L.  (Key, Description)
Hiptage Gaertn.  (Description)
Habenaria Willd.  (Key, Description)
Holarrhena R. Br.  (Description)
Hackelia Opiz  (Key, Description)
Holboellia Wall.  (Description)
Hackelochloa Kuntze  (Description)
Holmskioldia Retz.  (Description)
Haematoxylum L.  (Description)
Holostemma R. Br.  (Description)
Halenia Borkh.  (Description)
Holosteum L.  (Description)
Halerpestes Greene  (Key, Description)
Homalocladium (F.J. MĂŒll.) L.H. Bailey  (Description)
Halimocnemis C.A. Mey.  (Description)
Homognaphalium Kirp.  (Description)
Halocharis Moq.  (Key, Description)
Hoppea Willd.  (Description)
Halocnemum M. Bieb.  (Description)
Hordeum L.  (Key, Description)
Halogeton C.A. Mey.  (Key, Description)
Hoya R. Br.  (Description)
Halopeplis Bunge ex Ung.-Sternb.  (Description)
Humulus L.  (Description)
Halophila Thouars  (Description)
Hyacinthus L. 
Halopyrum Stapf  (Description)
Hyalopoa (Tzvelev) Tzvelev  (Description)
Halostachys C.A. Mey. ex Schrenk  (Description)
Hydrangea L.  (Description)
Halothamnus Jaub. & Spach  (Key, Description)
Hydrilla Rich.  (Description)
Haloxylon Bunge  (Key, Description)
Hydrocharis L.  (Description)
Hamelia Jacq.  (Description)
Hydrocotyle L.  (Key, Description)
Handelia Heimerl  (Description)
Hydrolea L.  (Description)
Haplophyllum A. Juss.  (Key, Description)
Hygrophila R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Hardwickia Roxb.  (Description)
Hygroryza Nees  (Description)
Hedera L.  (Description)
Hylotelephium H. Ohba  (Key, Description)
Hedinia Ostenf.  (Description)
Hymenocrater Fisch. & C.A. Mey.  (Description)
Hedyotis L.  (Description)
Hymenodictyon Wall.  (Description)
Hedysarum L.  (Key, Description)
Hymenolobus Nutt.  (Description)
Heimia Link  (Description)
Hyoscyamus L.  (Key, Description)
Helianthemum Mill.  (Description)
Hyparrhenia Andersson ex E. Fourn.  (Description)
Helichrysum Mill. 
Hypecoum L.  (Key, Description)
Helictotrichon Besser ex Schult. & Schult. f.  (Key, Description)
Hypericum L.  (Key, Description)
Helinus E. Mey. ex Endl.  (Description)
Hypoxis L.  (Description)
Kydia Roxb.  (Description)
Hyptis Jacq.  (Description)
Kyllinga Rottb.  (Key, Description)
Hyssopus L.  (Description)
Lablab Adans.  (Description)
Iberis L.  (Description)
Laburnum Fabr.  (Description)
Ichnocarpus R. Br.  (Description)
Lagenaria Ser.  (Description)
Ifloga Cass.  (Description)
Lagerstroemia L.  (Key, Description)
Ilex L.  (Key, Description)
Laggera Sch. Bip. ex Benth. & Hook. f.  (Description)
Impatiens L.  (Key, Description)
Lagochilus Bunge ex Benth.  (Key, Description)
Imperata Cirillo  (Description)
Lagurus L.  (Description)
Incarvillea Juss.  (Description)
Lallemantia Fisch. & C.A. Mey.  (Description)
Indigofera L.  (Key, Description)
Lamarckia Moench  (Description)
Indopiptadenia Brenan  (Description)
Lamium L.  (Key, Description)
Ipomoea L.  (Key, Description)
Lannea A. Rich.  (Description)
Iresine P. Browne  (Description)
Lantana L.  (Key, Description)
Iris L.  (Key, Description)
Lappula Moench  (Key, Description)
Isachne R. Br.  (Description)
Lasiopogon Cass.  (Description)
Isatis L.  (Key, Description)
Lasiurus Boiss.  (Description)
Ischaemum L.  (Key, Description)
Lathyrus L.  (Key, Description)
Iseilema Andersson  (Description)
Lavandula L.  (Description)
Isodon (Schrad. ex Benth.) Spach  (Key, Description)
Lavatera L.  (Key, Description)
Isolepis R. Br.  (Description)
Lawsonia L.  (Description)
Isopyrum L.  (Description)
Lecanthus Wedd.  (Description)
Itea L.  (Description)
Leea D. Royen ex L.  (Description)
Ixia L.  (Description)
Leersia Sw.  (Description)
Ixiolirion Fisch. ex Herb.  (Key, Description)
Leibnitzia Cass.  (Description)
Ixora L.  (Key, Description)
Lemna L.  (Key, Description)
Jacaranda Juss.  (Description)
Lens Mill.  (Description)
Jacquemontia Choisy  (Description)
Leontice L.  (Description)
Jaeschkea Kurz  (Key, Description)
Leontopodium R. Br. ex Cass.  (Key, Description)
Jasminum L.  (Key, Description)
Leonurus L.  (Description)
Jatropha L.  (Key, Description)
Lepechiniella Popov  (Key, Description)
Jaubertia Spach ex Jaub. & Spach  (Description)
Lepidagathis Willd.  (Key, Description)
Juglans L.  (Description)
Lepidium L.  (Key, Description)
Juncus L.  (Key, Description)
Leptadenia R. Br.  (Description)
Juniperus L.  (Key, Description)
Leptaleum DC.  (Description)
Justicia L.  (Key, Description)
Leptochloa P. Beauv.  (Description)
Kalanchoe Adans.  (Description)
Leptodermis Wall.  (Key, Description)
Kedrostis Medik.  (Description)
Leptothrium Kunth  (Description)
Kengia Packer  (Description)
Lepyrodiclis Fenzl  (Key, Description)
Kigelia DC.  (Description)
Lespedeza Michx.  (Key, Description)
Kleinhovia L.  (Description)
Leucaena Benth.  (Description)
Knautia L.  (Description)
Leucanthemum Mill.  (Description)
Knorringia (Czukav.) Tzvelev  (Description)
Leucas R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Kobresia Willd.  (Key, Description)
Leycesteria Wall.  (Description)
Kochia Roth  (Key, Description)
Leymus Hochst.  (Description)
Koeleria Pers.  (Key, Description)
Leysera L.  (Description)
Koenigia L.  (Key, Description)
Lignariella Baehni  (Description)
Kohautia Cham. & Schltdl.  (Key, Description)
Ligularia Cass.  (Key, Description)
Korthalsella Tiegh.  (Description)
Ligusticum L.  (Key, Description)
Krascheninnikovia Gueldenst.  (Description)
Lilium L.  (Description)
Mallotus Lour.  (Description)
Limeum L.  (Description)
Malope L.  (Description)
Limnophyton Miq.  (Description)
Malpighia L.  (Description)
Limonia L.  (Description)
Malva L.  (Key, Description)
Limonium Mill.  (Key, Description)
Malvastrum A. Gray  (Description)
Lindelofia Lehm.  (Key, Description)
Malvaviscus Fabr.  (Description)
Linum L.  (Key, Description)
Mangifera L.  (Description)
Liparis Rich.  (Description)
Manihot Mill.  (Description)
Lipocarpha R. Br.  (Description)
Manilkara Adans.  (Key, Description)
Liriope Lour.  (Description)
Marmoritis Benth.  (Key, Description)
Lisaea Boiss.  (Description)
Marrubium L.  (Key, Description)
Listera R. Br.  (Description)
Marsdenia R. Br.  (Description)
Lithospermum L.  (Description)
Martynia L.  (Description)
Litsea Lam.  (Key, Description)
Matricaria L.  (Key, Description)
Livistona R. Br.  (Description)
Matthiola W.T. Aiton  (Key, Description)
Lloydia Salisb. ex Rchb.  (Key, Description)
Mattiastrum (Boiss.) Brand  (Key, Description)
Lobularia Desv.  (Description)
Maytenus Molina  (Key, Description)
Loliolum V.I. Krecz. & Bobrov  (Description)
Meconopsis Vig.  (Key, Description)
Lolium L.  (Key, Description)
Medicago L.  (Key, Description)
Lomatogonium A. Braun  (Key, Description)
Megacarpaea DC.  (Key, Description)
Lonicera L.  (Key, Description)
Melaleuca L.  (Key, Description)
Loranthus Jacq.  (Key, Description)
Melanocenchris Nees  (Key, Description)
Lotononis (DC.) Eckl. & Zeyh.  (Description)
Melhania Forssk.  (Key, Description)
Lotus L.  (Key, Description)
Melia L.  (Description)
Ludwigia L.  (Description)
Melica L.  (Key, Description)
Luffa Mill.  (Key, Description)
Melilotus (L.) Mill.  (Key, Description)
Lunaria L.  (Description)
Meliosma Blume  (Description)
Lupinus L.  (Key, Description)
Melissa L.  (Description)
Luzula DC.  (Key, Description)
Mentha L.  (Key, Description)
Lychnis L.  (Description)
Menyanthes L.  (Description)
Lycianthes (Dunal) Hassl.  (Description)
Meriandra Benth.  (Description)
Lycium L.  (Key, Description)
Merremia Dennst. ex Endl.  (Key, Description)
Lycopersicon Mill.  (Description)
Mesembryanthemum L.  (Description)
Lycopus L.  (Description)
Mezoneuron Desf.  (Description)
Lygeum Loefl. ex L.  (Description)
Michelia L.  (Description)
Lyonia Nutt.  (Description)
Microcephala Pobed.  (Description)
Lysimachia L.  (Key, Description)
Microgynoecium Hook. f.  (Description)
Lythrum L.  (Description)
Micromeria Benth.  (Description)
Macfadyena A. DC.  (Description)
Microsisymbrium O.E. Schulz  (Key, Description)
Maclura Nutt.  (Description)
Microstegium Nees  (Key, Description)
Macroptilium (Benth.) Urb.  (Description)
Milium L.  (Description)
Macrotyloma (Wight & Arn.) Verdc.  (Description)
Miliusa Lesch. ex A. DC.  (Description)
Madhuca Ham. ex J.F. Gmel.  (Description)
Millettia Wight & Arn.  (Key, Description)
Maerua Forssk.  (Key, Description)
Millingtonia L. f.  (Description)
Maesa Forssk.  (Description)
Mimosa L.  (Key, Description)
Magnolia L.  (Key, Description)
Mimusops L.  (Description)
Mahonia Nutt.  (Description)
Minuartia L.  (Key, Description)
Malachra L.  (Description)
Mirabilis L.  (Description)
Malaxis Sol. ex Sw.  (Key, Description)
Miscanthus Andersson  (Description)
Malcolmia W.T. Aiton  (Key, Description)
Mnesithea Kunth  (Description)
Nothosaerva Wight  (Description)
Mollugo L.  (Key, Description)
Notoceras W.T. Aiton  (Description)
Moluccella L.  (Description)
Nyctanthes L.  (Description)
Momordica L.  (Key, Description)
Nymphoides SĂ©g.  (Key, Description)
Moneses Salisb. ex Gray  (Description)
Ochradenus Delile  (Key, Description)
Monochoria C. Presl  (Description)
Ochthochloa Edgew.  (Description)
Monotheca A. DC.  (Description)
Ocimum L.  (Key, Description)
Monotropa L.  (Key, Description)
Octoceras Bunge  (Description)
Monsonia L.  (Key, Description)
Oenanthe L.  (Description)
Monstera Adans.  (Description)
Oenothera L.  (Key, Description)
Moraea Mill.  (Description)
Olax L.  (Description)
Moricandia DC.  (Description)
Oldenlandia L.  (Key, Description)
Morina L.  (Key, Description)
Olea L.  (Key, Description)
Morinda L.  (Description)
Oligomeris Cambess.  (Description)
Moringa Adans.  (Key, Description)
Onobrychis Mill.  (Key, Description)
Morus L.  (Key, Description)
Ononis L.  (Key, Description)
Mosla (Benth.) Buch.-Ham. ex Maxim.  (Description)
Onosma L.  (Key, Description)
Mucuna Adans.  (Key, Description)
Operculina Silva Manso  (Description)
Muhlenbergia Schreb.  (Key, Description)
Ophiopogon Ker Gawl.  (Key, Description)
Mukia Arn.  (Description)
Oplismenus P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Murdannia Royle  (Description)
Oreorchis Lindl.  (Description)
Murraya J. Koenig ex L.  (Key, Description)
Origanum L.  (Key, Description)
Musa L.  (Description)
Orinus Hitchc.  (Description)
Muscari Mill.  (Description)
Ormopterum Schischk. & Kom.  (Description)
Mussaenda L.  (Description)
Ornithogalum L. 
Myosotis L.  (Key, Description)
Orobanche L.  (Key, Description)
Myosoton Moench  (Description)
Oropetium Trin.  (Description)
Myricaria Desv.  (Key, Description)
Orostachys Fisch.  (Description)
Myriophyllum L.  (Key, Description)
Oroxylum Vent.  (Description)
Myrsine L.  (Key, Description)
Orthanthera Wight  (Description)
Myrtus L.  (Description)
Orthilia Raf.  (Description)
Najas L.  (Key, Description)
Orthosiphon Benth.  (Key, Description)
Nannorrhops H. Wendl.  (Description)
Oryza L.  (Key, Description)
Nasturtium W.T. Aiton  (Key, Description)
Osmanthus Lour.  (Description)
Nelumbo Adans.  (Description)
Osmorhiza Raf.  (Description)
Neolitsea (Benth.) Merr.  (Key, Description)
Otostegia Benth.  (Key, Description)
Neottia Guett.  (Key, Description)
Ottelia Pers.  (Description)
Nepeta L.  (Key, Description)
Ougeinia Benth. in Miquel  (Description)
Nerium L.  (Description)
Oxalis L.  (Key, Description)
Nervilia Comm. ex Gaudich.  (Key, Description)
Oxygraphis Bunge  (Key, Description)
Neslia Desv.  (Description)
Oxyria Hill  (Description)
Neurada L.  (Description)
Oxystelma R. Br.  (Description)
Neyraudia Hook. f.  (Description)
Oxytropis DC.  (Key, Description)
Nicodemia Ten.  (Description)
Paeonia L.  (Description)
Nicotiana L.  (Key, Description)
Pandanus Parkinson  (Description)
Nigella L.  (Key, Description)
Panderia Fisch. & C.A. Mey.  (Description)
Nitraria L.  (Key, Description)
Panicum L.  (Key, Description)
Noaea Moq.  (Description)
Papaver L.  (Key, Description)
Nonea Medik.  (Key, Description)
Paracalyx S. I. Ali  (Description)
Notholirion Wall. ex Boiss.  (Description)
Paracolpodium (Tzvelev) Tzvelev  (Description)
Phragmites Adans.  (Key, Description)
Parapholis C.E. Hubb.  (Description)
Phryma L.  (Description)
Paraquilegia J.R. Drumm. & Hutch.  (Description)
Phyla Lour.  (Description)
Parasenecio W.W. Sm. & J. Small  (Key, Description)
Phyllanthus L.  (Key, Description)
Parietaria L.  (Key, Description)
Physalis L.  (Description)
Paris L.  (Description)
Physochlaina G. Don  (Description)
Parkinsonia L.  (Description)
Phytolacca L.  (Description)
Parnassia L.  (Key)
Picea A. Dietr.  (Description)
Parrotiopsis (Nied.) C.K. Schneid.  (Description)
Picrasma Blume  (Description)
Parrya R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Pilea Lindl.  (Key, Description)
Parthenocissus Planch.  (Key, Description)
Pimpinella L.  (Key, Description)
Paspalidium Stapf  (Key, Description)
Pinus L.  (Key, Description)
Paspalum L.  (Key, Description)
Piptatherum P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Passiflora L.  (Key, Description)
Pisonia L.  (Description)
Pavetta L.  (Description)
Pistacia L.  (Key, Description)
Pavonia Cav.  (Key, Description)
Pistia L.  (Description)
Pecteilis Raf.  (Description)
Pisum L.  (Description)
Pedalium D. Royen ex L.  (Description)
Pithecellobium Mart.  (Description)
Pegaeophyton Hayek & Hand.-Mazz.  (Description)
Pittosporum Banks ex Gaertn.  (Description)
Peganum L.  (Description)
Plantago L.  (Key, Description)
Pelargonium L'HĂ©r. ex Aiton  (Description)
Platanus L. 
Peltophorum (Vogel) Benth.  (Description)
Platytaenia Kuhn  (Key, Description)
Pennisetum Rich.  (Key, Description)
Plectranthus L'HĂ©r.  (Description)
Pentas Benth.  (Description)
Pleurospermum Hoffm.  (Key, Description)
Pentatropis R. Br. ex Wight & Arn.  (Key, Description)
Pluchea Cass.  (Key, Description)
Pergularia L.  (Key, Description)
Plumbago L.  (Key, Description)
Perilla L.  (Description)
Plumeria L.  (Key, Description)
Periploca L.  (Key, Description)
Poa L.  (Key, Description)
Peristrophe Nees  (Description)
Podophyllum L.  (Description)
Perotis Aiton  (Description)
Pogonatherum P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Perovskia Kar.  (Key, Description)
Pogostemon Desf.  (Key, Description)
Persea Mill.  (Key, Description)
Polemonium L.  (Description)
Persicaria Mill.  (Key, Description)
Polianthes L.  (Description)
Pertya Sch. Bip.  (Description)
Polyalthia Blume  (Description)
Petalidium Nees  (Description)
Polycarpaea Lam.  (Key, Description)
Petasites Mill.  (Description)
Polycarpon Loefl. ex L.  (Description)
Petrea L.  (Description)
Polygala L.  (Key, Description)
Petrorhagia (Ser.) Link  (Description)
Polygonatum Mill.  (Key, Description)
Petroselinum Hill  (Description)
Polygonum L.  (Key, Description)
Petunia Juss.  (Description)
Polypogon Desf.  (Key, Description)
Peucedanum L.  (Key, Description)
Poncirus Raf.  (Description)
Phacelurus Griseb.  (Description)
Pongamia Adans.  (Description)
Phaeonychium O.E. Schulz  (Key, Description)
Populus L.  (Key, Description)
Phagnalon Cass.  (Key, Description)
Porana Burm. f.  (Description)
Phalaris L.  (Key, Description)
Portulaca L.  (Key, Description)
Phaseolus L.  (Key, Description)
Potamogeton L.  (Key, Description)
Phleum L.  (Key, Description)
Potentilla L.  (Key, Description)
Phlomis L.  (Key, Description)
Pouzolzia Gaudich.  (Key, Description)
Phlox L.  (Description)
Praecitrullus Pangalo  (Description)
Phoenix L.  (Key, Description)
Premna L.  (Key, Description)
Rhododendron L.  (Key, Description)
Primula L.  (Key, Description)
Rhoeo Hance  (Description)
Priva Adans.  (Description)
Rhus L.  (Key, Description)
Prosopis L.  (Key, Description)
Rhynchelytrum Nees  (Description)
Prunella L.  (Description)
Rhynchosia Lour.  (Key, Description)
Psammogeton Edgew.  (Key, Description)
Ribes L.  (Key)
Pseudoconyza Cuatrec.  (Description)
Richteria Kar. & Kir.  (Description)
Pseudogaillonia Lincz.  (Description)
Ricinus L.  (Description)
Pseudognaphalium Kirp.  (Key, Description)
Rivea Choisy  (Description)
Pseudohandelia Tzvelev  (Description)
Rivina L. 
Pseudomertensia Riedl  (Key, Description)
Robeschia Hochst. ex O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Pseudosedum (Boiss.) A. Berger  (Key, Description)
Robinia L.  (Description)
Pseudostellaria Pax  (Description)
Rochelia Rchb.  (Key, Description)
Psidium L.  (Description)
Roemeria Medik.  (Key, Description)
Psilurus Trin.  (Description)
Rondeletia L.  (Description)
Psoralea L.  (Key, Description)
Rorippa Scop.  (Key, Description)
Pteranthus Forssk.  (Description)
Rosa L.  (Key, Description)
Pterocephalus Vaill. ex Adans.  (Description)
Roscoea Sm.  (Description)
Pterogaillonia Lincz.  (Description)
Rosmarinus L.  (Description)
Pteropyrum Jaub. & Spach  (Key, Description)
Rostraria Trin.  (Key, Description)
Pterospermum Schreb.  (Description)
Rosularia (DC.) Stapf  (Key, Description)
Pterygota Schott & Endl.  (Description)
Rotala L.  (Key, Description)
Ptilotrichum C.A. Mey.  (Description)
Rottboellia L. f.  (Description)
Ptychosperma Labill.  (Description)
Roylea Wall. ex Benth.  (Description)
Puccinellia Parl.  (Key, Description)
Roystonea O.F. Cook  (Description)
Pueraria DC.  (Key, Description)
Rubia L.  (Key, Description)
Pulsatilla Mill.  (Description)
Rubrivena M. KrĂĄl  (Description)
Punica L.  (Description)
Ruellia L.  (Key, Description)
Pupalia Juss.  (Description)
Rumex L.  (Key, Description)
Putranjiva Wall.  (Description)
Ruppia L.  (Description)
Pycnocycla Lindl.  (Description)
Ruscus L.  (Description)
Pycnoplinthus O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Sabal Adans.  (Description)
Pycreus P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Sabia Colebr.  (Description)
Pyrola L.  (Description)
Saccharum L.  (Key, Description)
Pyrostegia C. Presl  (Description)
Sageretia Brongn.  (Key, Description)
Quercus L.  (Key, Description)
Sagina L.  (Key, Description)
Quisqualis L.  (Description)
Sagittaria L.  (Key, Description)
Ranunculus L.  (Key, Description)
Salix L.  (Key, Description)
Raphanus L.  (Key, Description)
Salsola L.  (Key, Description)
Rapistrum Crantz  (Description)
Salvadora L.  (Key, Description)
Reaumuria L.  (Key, Description)
Salvia L.  (Key, Description)
Reinwardtia Dumort.  (Description)
Sambucaceae Batsch ex Borkh.  (Description)
Reseda L.  (Key, Description)
Sambucus L.  (Key, Description)
Rhamnella Miq.  (Description)
Sameraria Desv.  (Description)
Rhamnus L.  (Key, Description)
Samolus L.  (Description)
Rhapis L. f. ex Aiton  (Description)
Sanicula L.  (Description)
Rhazya Decne.  (Description)
Sansevieria Thunb.  (Description)
Rheum L.  (Key, Description)
Sapindus L.  (Key, Description)
Rhizophora L.  (Key, Description)
Sapium Jacq.  (Description)
Rhodiola L.  (Key, Description)
Saraca L.  (Description)
Silene L.  (Key, Description)
Sarcococca Lindl.  (Description)
Sinapis L.  (Key, Description)
Sarcostemma R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Sisymbrium L.  (Key, Description)
Satureja L.  (Description)
Sium L.  (Description)
Satyrium Sw.  (Description)
Skimmia Thunb.  (Description)
Sauromatum Schott  (Description)
Smelowskia C.A. Mey.  (Description)
Savignya DC.  (Description)
Smilax L.  (Key, Description)
Saxifraga L.  (Key, Description)
Smithia Aiton  (Description)
Scabiosa L.  (Key, Description)
Solanum L.  (Key, Description)
Scaevola L.  (Key, Description)
Solena Lour.  (Description)
Scaligeria DC.  (Key, Description)
Solenanthus Steud. ex Klatt  (Key, Description)
Scandix L.  (Key, Description)
Sonneratia L. f.  (Description)
Schefflera J.R. Forst. & G. Forst.  (Description)
Sophiopsis O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Schinus L.  (Key, Description)
Sophora L.  (Key, Description)
Schismus P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Sorghum Moench  (Key, Description)
Schizachyrium Nees  (Key, Description)
Sparganium L.  (Key, Description)
Schoenefeldia Kunth  (Description)
Spartium L.  (Description)
Schoenoplectus (Rchb.) Palla  (Key, Description)
Spergula L.  (Key, Description)
Schoenus L.  (Description)
Spergularia (Pers.) J. Presl & C. Presl  (Key, Description)
Schotia Jacq.  (Description)
Spermadictyon Roxb.  (Description)
Schultzia Airy Shaw  (Description)
Sphaerocoma T. Anderson  (Description)
Schumannia Kuntze  (Description)
Sphenoclea Gaertn.  (Description)
Scilla L.  (Description)
Spinacia L.  (Key, Description)
Scirpoides Scheuchz. ex Seguier  (Description)
Spiranthes Rich.  (Description)
Sclerochloa P. Beauv.  (Description)
Spirodela Schleid.  (Description)
Scutellaria L.  (Key, Description)
Spodiopogon Trin.  (Description)
Secale L.  (Key, Description)
Spondias L.  (Description)
Securigera DC.  (Description)
Sporobolus R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Seddera Hochst.  (Description)
Stachyopsis Popov & Vved.  (Description)
Sedum L.  (Key, Description)
Stachys L.  (Key, Description)
Seetzenia R. Br.  (Description)
Stachytarpheta Vahl  (Description)
Sehima Forssk.  (Key, Description)
Staphylea L.  (Description)
Seidlitzia Bunge ex Boiss.  (Description)
Stellaria L.  (Key, Description)
Selinum L.  (Key, Description)
Stellera L.  (Description)
Senecio L.  (Key, Description)
Sterculia L.  (Key, Description)
Senra Cav.  (Description)
Stereospermum Cham.  (Description)
Sericostoma Stocks ex Wight  (Description)
Sterigmostemum M. Bieb.  (Description)
Seriphidium (Besser ex W. Hook.) Poljakov  (Key, Description)
Stewartiella Nasir  (Description)
Serissa Comm. ex Juss.  (Description)
Stipa L.  (Key, Description)
Sesamum L.  (Description)
Stipagrostis Nees  (Key, Description)
Sesbania Scop.  (Key, Description)
Stocksia Benth.  (Description)
Seseli L.  (Key, Description)
Stracheya Benth.  (Description)
Sesuvium L.  (Description)
Strobilanthes Blume  (Key, Description)
Setaria P. Beauv.  (Key, Description)
Suaeda Forssk. ex J.F. Gmel.  (Key, Description)
Setcreasea K. Schum. & Syd.  (Key, Description)
Sulaimania Hedge & Rech. f.  (Description)
Shuteria Wight & Arn.  (Description)
Suriana L.  (Description)
Sibbaldia L.  (Key, Description)
Swertia L.  (Key, Description)
Sida L.  (Key, Description)
Swietenia Jacq.  (Key, Description)
Sideritis L.  (Description)
Symplocos Jacq.  (Description)
Sideroxylon L.  (Description)

Syringa L.  (Key, Description)
Trachydium Lindl.  (Key, Description)
Syzygium P. Browne ex Gaertn.  (Key, Description)
Trachyspermum Link  (Key, Description)
Taeniatherum Nevski  (Description)
Tragus Haller  (Key, Description)
Tamaricaria Qaiser & Ali  (Description)
Trapa L.  (Key, Description)
Tamarindus L. 
Trema Lour.  (Description)
Tamarix L.  (Key, Description)
Trewia L.  (Description)
Tanacetopsis Kovalevsk.  (Key, Description)
Trianthema L.  (Key, Description)
Tanacetum L.  (Key, Description)
Tribulus L.  (Key, Description)
Tauscheria Fisch. ex DC.  (Description)
Trichodesma R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Taverniera DC.  (Key, Description)
Tricholaena Schrad.  (Key, Description)
Taxodium Rich.  (Description)
Trichophorum Pers.  (Description)
Taxus L.  (Description)
Trichosanthes L.  (Key, Description)
Tecoma Juss.  (Description)
Trifolium L.  (Key, Description)
Tecomaria Spach  (Description)
Triglochin L.  (Key, Description)
Tecomella Seem.  (Description)
Trigonella L.  (Key, Description)
Tectona L. f.  (Description)
Trikeraia Bor  (Description)
Telephium L.  (Description)
Trillium L.  (Description)
Telosma Coville  (Description)
Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip.  (Key, Description)
Tephrosia Pers.  (Key, Description)
Tripogon Roem. & Schult.  (Key, Description)
Teramnus P. Browne  (Description)
Trisetaria Forssk.  (Description)
Terminalia L.  (Key, Description)
Trisetum Pers.  (Key, Description)
Tetrachne Nees  (Description)
Triticum L.  (Key, Description)
Tetracme Bunge  (Key, Description)
Triumfetta L.  (Key, Description)
Tetradiclis Steven ex M. Bieb.  (Description)
Trollius L.  (Description)
Tetrapogon Desf.  (Key, Description)
Tulipa L.  (Key, Description)
Teucrium L.  (Key, Description)
Turgenia Hoffm.  (Description)
Thalictrum L.  (Key, Description)
Turritis L.  (Description)
Thelepogon Roth  (Description)
Tussilago L.  (Description)
Themeda Forssk.  (Description)
Tylophora R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Thermopsis R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Typha L.  (Key, Description)
Thesium L.  (Key, Description)
Uechtritzia Freyn  (Key, Description)
Thespesia Sol. ex CorrĂȘa  (Description)
Ulmus L.  (Key, Description)
Thevetia L.  (Description)
Uranodactylus Gilli  (Description)
Thlaspi L.  (Key, Description)
Uraria Desv.  (Description)
Thuja L.  (Description)
Urena L.  (Description)
Thunbergia Retz.  (Key, Description)
Urochloa P. Beauv.  (Description)
Thuspeinanta T. Durand  (Description)
Urochondra C.E. Hubb.  (Description)
Thylacospermum Fenzl  (Description)
Urtica L.  (Key, Description)
Thymelaea Mill.  (Description)
Utricularia L.  (Key, Description)
Thymus L.  (Description)
Vaccaria Wolf  (Description)
Thysanolaena Nees  (Description)
Valeriana L.  (Key, Description)
Tilia L.  (Description)
Valerianella Mill.  (Key, Description)
Tiliacora Colebr.  (Description)
Vallaris Burm. f.  (Description)
Tillaea L.  (Key, Description)
Vallisneria L.  (Description)
Tinospora Miers  (Description)
Velezia L.  (Description)
Torilis Adans.  (Key, Description)
Verbena L.  (Key, Description)
Torularia Bonnem.  (Key, Description)
Vernicia Lour.  (Description)
Trachelospermum Lem.  (Key, Description)
Vetiveria Bory  (Description)
Trachomitum Woodson  (Description)
Viburnum L.  (Key, Description)
Trachycarpus H. Wendl.  (Description)
Vicia L.  (Key, Description)
Wrightia R. Br.  (Key, Description)
Vigna Savi  (Key, Description)
Xylanthemum Tzvelev  (Key, Description)
Villebrunea Gaudich. ex Wedd.  (Description)
Xylosma G. Forst.  (Description)
Vinca L.  (Description)
Yucca L.  (Description)
Vincetoxicum Wolf  (Key, Description)
Zaleya Burm. f.  (Description)
Viola L.  (Key, Description)
Zamia L.  (Description)
Viscum L.  (Key, Description)
Zannichellia L.  (Description)
Vitex L.  (Key, Description)
Zantedeschia Spreng.  (Description)
Vitis L.  (Key, Description)
Zanthoxylum L.  (Description)
Vulpia C.C. Gmel.  (Key, Description)
Zataria Boiss.  (Description)
Washingtonia H. Wendl.  (Description)
Zea L. 
Wattakaka Hassk.  (Description)
Zebrina Schnizl.  (Description)
Wendlandia Bartl. ex DC.  (Key, Description)
Zeuxine Lindl.  (Description)
Wikstroemia Endl.  (Description)
Zingiber Mill.  (Description)
Winklera Regel  (Description)
Ziziphora L.  (Key, Description)
Wisteria Nutt.  (Description)
Ziziphus Mill.  (Key, Description)
Withania Pauquy  (Key, Description)
Zornia J.F. Gmel.  (Description)
Wolffia Horkel ex Schleid.  (Key, Description)
Zosima Hoffm.  (Key, Description)
Woodfordia Salisb.  (Description)
Zygophyllum L.  (Key, Description)
Vicatia DC.  (Key, Description)
Synotis (C.B. Clarke) C. Jeffrey & Y.L. Chen  (Key, Descri





































































































































































































r.  (Description)