Plant Family Apocynaceae

Apocynaceae Description Distribution A family of 300 genera and nearly 2000 species distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres, represented in Pakistan by 6 native genera (with 6 species) and 13 cultivated genera (with 20 species). Detailed DescriptionTrees, shrubs or twiners, sometimes herbs, with milky juice. Leaves opposite or whorled, rarely alternate or spiral, simple, entire, sometimes glandular on the entire midrib or at the base of the .midrib, stipulate or exstipulate. Inflorescence axillary or of terminal dichasial cymes or racemes. Flowers bisexual, regular, bracteate or apparently ebracteate. Calyx- (4-)

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Plant Family Annonaceae

Annonaceae Description

Distribution: A family of about 120 genera and 2100 species, distributed mainly in the tropics of Old and New World, usually at lower altitudes; represented by 4 genera and 6 species in Pakistan, all except Miliusa are cultivated.
Detailed DescriptionTrees, shrubs or rarely woody climbers, often aromatic; indumentum (if present) of simple or stellate hairs or sc

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Plant Family Anacardiaceae

Anacardiaceae  Description Distribution: A tropical family of 55 genera and c. 500 species occurring in the Mediterranean region, S.W., C. & E. Asia and America. Represented in Pakistan by 8-9 genera and c. 23 species, of which half the taxa are cultivated, the commonest of these being the edible mango (Mangifera indica) and the pepper tree (Schinus molle). Detailed Description  Trees or shrubs, often polygamo-dioecious or monoecious and with an acrid or milky juice. Leaves us

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Plant Family Amaryllidaceae

Amaryllidaceae Description Distribution A family of over 80 genera and 1000 species. Represented in Pakistan by 3 wild genera and 4 species. Besides these many other species are cultivated in Pakistan for their attractive flowers. Detailed Description Plants with bulbs, corms or rhizomes. Leaves radical or cauline; linear to lanceolate. Flowers on a scape or on the main stem in clusters o

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Plant Family Amaranthaceae

Amaranthaceae DescriptionDistribution  A large and almost exclusively tropical family of some 65 genera and over 1000 species, including many cosmopolitan “weeds” and a large number of xerophytic plants. Description Annual or perennial herbs or subshrubs, rarely scandent. Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, exstipulate, entire or almost so. Inflorescence a dense head, loose or spike-like thyrse, spike, raceme or panicle, basically cy

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Plant Family Alismataceae

Alismataceae Description General/Distribution A cosmopolitan family of 12 genera and about 90 species. Only 4 genera and 8 species are reported from West Pakistan .Detailed DescriptionAnnual or perennial, amphibious herbs with laticiferous ducts. Rhizome mostly stout, short, with adventitious fibrous root

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Plant Family Alliaceae

Alliaceae DescriptionDistribution A family of 30 genera and about 700 species. Represented in Pakistan by one genus, Allium. Most workers include the family Alliaceae in Liliaceae or some in Amaryllidaceae but it is better placed separately. Deatiled d

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Plant Family Alangiaceae

Alangiaceae Description General/DistributionA small uni generic family, chiefly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia and Australia. Detail DescriptionTrees and shrubs, usually unarmed. Leaves alternate, petiolate, exstipulate. Inflorescence many-flowered axillary cyme. Flowers small, often fragrant, bisexual, actinomorphic, epigynous, bracteate. Sepals 4-10, united into a more or less truncate or 4-10 toothed tube, persistent. Petals 4-10, free rarely united at the base, linear-oblong. Stamens 4-40, free or slightly united at the base, sometimes adnate to petals, filaments short, arising from disc, often villous inside. Disc conspicuous, enlarged and cupular, rarely absent. Carpels 2-3, syncarpous; ovary adnate to the calyx tube; style simple, filiform, with simple or 2-3 lobed, capitate or clavate stigma. Fruit an ellipsoid-globose, flattened drupe crowned by sepals and disc. Seed oblong, endospermous.

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Plant Family Aizoaceae

Aizoaceae Martinov Description
General/Distribution
 A family of 128 genera and c. 1170 species, many of which are cultivated. S. and tropical Africa, S. America, W. Indies, Mediterranean and tropical Asia. Represented here by 8 species.
Description
Annual or perennial herbs or small shrubs. Leaves fleshy or scale-like, opposite or alternate,

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Family Agavaceae

Agavaceae Dumort. description. General/Distribution  A tropical and subtropical family with 20 genera and c. 670 species mostly in the New World. Agave species are cultivated for their fibres, used in making ropes, mats etc. Some other species are cultivated for ornamental purposes. Represented in Pakistan by 6 naturalized or cultivated genera, 4 of

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Key Stone Species

     Key Stone Species

1) A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance

a) Endangered species b) distinct species c)threatened species d)keystone species

2) Keystone species are playing a critical role in maintaining the structure of an 

A) Environment b) ecosystem c) biosphere d) ecological community

3) A dramatically change occur in the environment due to

A) Dieing b) death of a specie c) preying d) all

4) keystone species was a small part of the ecosystem by measures of

A) Biomass b) production c) biome d) none

5) The example of a keystone species

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Evolution of bryophytes

MCQs (Evolution of bryophytes)

1.      Which one of the following is not common between Funaria and Selaginella?

                   a) archegonium              b) embryo               c) flagellate sperms               d) roots

2.      Pteridophytes differ from mosses/bryophytes in possessing

                   a) independent gametophyte                b) well developed vascular system

                   c) archegonia                                            d) flagellate spermatozoids.

3.      Multicellular branched rhizoids and leafy gametophytes are the characteristics of

                    a) some bryophytes          b) Ptredophytes     c) all bryophyte          d) gymnosperms.

4.      Bryophytes can be separated from algae, because they

                      a) possess archegonia                          b) contain chloroplast

                      c) are thalloid forms                              d) have no conducting tissue.

5.      Which of the following is true about bryophytes?

                      a) they are thalloid                        b) they posses archegonia        

                      c) they contain chloroplast            d) all of these.

6.      In a moss, the sporophyte

                      a) manufactures food for itself, as well as for the gametophyte

                      b) is partially parasitic on the gametophyte

                      c) produces gametes that give rise to the gametophyte

                      d) arises from a spore produced from the gametophyte

Read More

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Adoxaceae Plant Family

Adoxaceae E. Mey DescriptionGeneral/Distribution: The family had been considered as monotypic, but quite recently Wu Cheng-Yi (in Acta Bot. Yunnanica 34:383-388, t. 1-2. 1981) has described two new Chinese genera-Tetradoxa C.Y. Wu and Sinadoxa C.Y. Wu.Acknowledgements: The family's systematic position is doubtful. It was previously included in the Caprifoliaceae by Clarke (in Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3:1.1880), from which it differs in the split stamens, semi-inferior ovary, 3-5-parted style and the general habit of the plant. Clarke (op. cit.) related the genus Adoxa to Chrysosplenium (Saxifragaceae). Willis (1973, ed. 8. Diet. Flow. Pl. & Ferns) is of the view that the family bears some resemblance to the Araliaceae, which it resembles in the inconspicuous flowers, semi-inferior ovary and the pendulous ovules. The present view is that family Adoxaceae is best placed between the families Caprifoliaceae and Valerianaceae. DescriptionSmall perennial, rhizomatous herbs. Leaves exstipulate; radical biternate, long petioled; cauline solitary or two; 3-foliolate. Flowers up to 5 in number. small, greenish, bisexual, in condensed cymose clusters. Calyx 2-3-lobed. Corolla 4-6-lobed. Stamens 4-5, epipetalous, alternating with the corolla lobes and apparently double their number, due to the deeply divided filaments; anthers monothecous. Carpels (2-)3-5, syncarpous. Ovary semi-inferior, with one pendulous ovule in each loculus. Fruit a drupe. Floral FormulaAdoxaceae (Adoxa) B[K2C4A4 2] _ [K3C5A5 2]G-(2)-Lower Taxa Adoxa L. !Sambucus L. !Viburnum L.

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Family Aceraceae or Sapindaceae Discription

Aceraceae Juss. in Pakistan The maple family (Aceraceae) and Sapindaceae recently been added to same Sapindaceae family. General/Distribution: A bigeneric family of temperate North America, N.W. Africa, Europe, Asia and Indonesia. Acer is found in Pakistan. The other genus, Dipteronia, is endemic to central China.Description of Aceraceae Trees or shrubs, usually deciduous, rarely evergreen. Leaves simple or compound, opposite, palmately lobed or unlobed-penninerved; petiole bases meeting but not perfoliate, usually exstipulate. Inflorescence corymbose, fasciculate or racemose, lateral or terminal on leafy or leafless shoots. Flowers actinomorphic, perfect or unisexual, rarely dioecious. Sepals and petals 4-5, rarely absent. Stamens 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12, inserted inside or outside the disc. Ovary bicarpellate, transversely compressed, bilocular, each locule biovulate; stigma usually bifurcate, rarely absent. Fruit a geminate samara; mericarps indehiscent. Floral Diagram

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Acanthaceae Discription

General/Distribution: A large family of nearly 250 genera and 2500 species, distributed mainly in the tropics and extending to Mediterranean, Australia and Southern U.S.A. In Pakistan it is represented by 18 genera and 60 specific and infra-specific taxa; of which 44 are native.

Description Perennial sometimes annual, suffrutescent, armed or unarmed herbs or shrubs, rarely climbers or small trees. Leaves exstipulate, usually simple, opposite-decussate, entire or undulate-dentate, rarely crenate-dentate or lobed, mostly with cystoliths on the upper surface, petiolate or sessile. Flowers commonly in dichasial cymes becoming monochasial, often in dense to lax spikes, racemes, panicles, sometimes fasciculate or verticilate, rarely solitary; sessile or pedicellate, bisexual, hypogynous, usually zygomorphic; bracts 1,2 or more, often coloured, frequently large, imbricate, persistent, rarely absent. Calyx usually gamosepalous, persistent, 4-5-lobed, lobes valvate or imbricate, sometimes spinescent or reduced to truncate or 10-15-dentate minute tube. Corolla gamopetalous, tube cylindrical or ventricose, the limb of 5, subequally spreading lobes or strongly 2-lipped; upper lip erect or suberect, entire or 2-fid rarely absent or fimbriate; the lower lip more spreading, 3-fid or 3-lobed, lobes imbricate or controrted. Stamens 4 and didynamous or 2, epipetalous, ascending below the upper lip; anthers dorsifixed, usually unequal in a stamen pair, dithecous or monothecous, thecae parallel, divergent or superposed, appendaged or bearded, longitudinally dehiscent; stamindodes 0-1-3. Ovary conical or oblong-cylindric, bicarpellate, syncarpous, superior, sessile or minutely stipitate, bilocular, placentation axile, rarely parietal, ovules 2-10 (-many) in each locule, in 1 or 2 vertical rows, rarely collateral, anatropous; style simple, filiform stigmas 1 or 2 minute. Fruits a bivalved, 2-loculed, clavate to elliptic-ovoid or oblong-cylindric, terete or compressed, usually ± stipitate capsule, elastically dehiscent from apex downwards, rarely drupaceous. Seeds mostly flattened and lenticular or discoid rarely globose or angular, borne on retinacula or papillae, testa smooth, rugose, echinate, tuberculate, glochidiate, appressed hairy or papillate, embryo with scanty or no endosperm.

 Floral diagram 
Key 

1.            Calyx truncate or obscurely 10-16-toothed. Capsule globose below, abruptly beaked in the upper part. Plants climbing or twining. [cultivated]

1.            Calyx not truncate, usually deeply 4-5-lobed . capsule oblong, ovoid or ellipsoid, basally stipitate or not. Plants erect, prostrate to procumbent or straggling. [wild or cultivated]

2.            Corolla one-lipped, the upper lip absent or rudimentary, indurated

2.            Corolla 2-lipped or subequally 5-lobed, not indurated

3.            Corolla deeply to shallowly 2-lipped

4.            Fertile stamens 4

5.            Bracts spinescent or sharply acute

5.            Bracts not spinescent or sharply acute

6.            Cystoliths absent. Anthers monothecous, dorsally hairy. Seeds on papilliform funicles.

6.            Cystoliths present. Anthers dithecous; thecae equal, glabrous. Seeds on hooked retinacula

4.            Fertile stamens 2

7.            Staminodes present

8.            Flowers in axillary fascicles or terminal dense heads. Bracts leafy

8.            Flowers in terminal or axillary panicles. Bracts not leafy [cultivated]

7.            Staminodes absent

9.            Bracts partially united at the base, Capsule elastically dehiscent

Dicliptera

9.            Bracts free at the base. Capsules not elastically dehiscent

10.          Flowers mostly in trichotomously branched lax panicles of cymes

10.          Flowers mostly in congested spikes or panicles, sometimes solitary or in thyrsoid cymes

3.            Corolla subequally 5-lobed

11.          Fertile stamens 2. Staminodes 2

12.          Calyx 4-lobed, lobes imbricate

12.          Calyx 5-lobed, lobes valvate or contorted

13.          Corolla tube uniformly cylindrical, lobes contorted or twisted. Bracts small and inconspicuous

13.          Corolla tube cylindrical below, ventricose above, lobes valvate. Bracts large and conspicuous.[cultivated]

11.          Fertile stamens 4. Staminodes absent

14.          Bracts present

14.          Bracts present

15.          Calyx deeply 4-lobed, lobes clearly unequal, outer pair much larger than the inner. Bracts ciliate or spinescent

15.          Calyx 5-lobed, lobes equal or slightly unequal. Bracts neither ciliate nor spinescent

16.          Bracts 4-ranked, imbricated

17.          Stamens included; anthers monothecous, sterile cell bearded throughout. Capsule 4-seeded. [cultivated]

17.          Stamens very slightly protruding; anthers dithecous, both thecae fertile, glabrous. Capsule 6-20-seeded

16.          Bracts neither 4-ranked, imbricated

18.          Corolla lobes imbricate. Anther cells unequal. [cultivated]

18.          Corolla lobes twisted or contorted. Anther cells equal

19.          Anthers bristle-tipped and sagittate at the bases. Capsule 2 or 4-seeded, elastically dehiscent

19.          Anthers neither bristle-tipped nor sagittate, basally muticous. Capsule 4-20-seeded, not elastically dehiscent

20.          Leaves entire

21.          Bracts inconspicuous, usually linear, Capsule more than 8-seeded

21.          Bracts solitary, leafy. Capsule 4-8-seeded

20.          Leaves crenate or toothed

22.          Ovary 8-

22.          Ovary 4-8-ovuled. Flowers in axillary or terminal, interrupted spikes or panicles or capitate heads

Lower Taxa

!Acanthodium Delile

!Acanthus L.

Adhatoda Mill.

Aechmanthera Nees

Aphelandra R. Br.

Asteracantha Nees

!Asystasia Blume

Avicennia L.

!Barleria L.

Barleriacanthus Oerst.

Barlerites Oerst.

Beloperone Nees

!Blepharis Juss.

Crossandra Salisb.

Daedalacanthus T. Anderson  = Eranthemum L.

!Dianthera L.

!!Dicliptera Juss.

Dipteracanthus Nees  = Ruellia L.

!Eranthemum L.

Erianthera Nees

Gendarussa Nees

Graptophyllum Nees

Hemiadelphis Nees

Hemigraphis Nees

Hexacentris Nees

!Hygrophila R. Br.

!Jacobinia Moric.

!Justicia L.

!Lepidagathis Willd.

!Meyenia Nees

!Peristrophe Nees

Petalidium Nees

Pseudaechmanthera Bremek.

Pteracanthus (Nees) Bremek.

Rhaphidospora Nees

*Rostellaria Nees

Rostellularia Rchb.

!Ruellia L.

Sericographis Nees

!Strobilanthes Blume

!Thunbergia Retz.

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Plant Species Name (List 1)

This is the list of All discovered plants in Pakistan. List 1

Abelia triflora R. Br.  (Key, Description) Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne  (Description)
Abelmoschus crinitus Wall.  (Description) Acalypha brachystachya Hornem.  (Description)
Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench  (Description) Acalypha ciliata Wall.  (Description)
Abelmoschus ficulneus (L.) Wight & Arn.  (Description) Acalypha hispida Burm. f.  (Description)
Abelmoschus moschatus Medik.  (Description) Acalypha indica L.  (Description)
Abelmoschus pungens Wall. ex Voigt  (Description) Acalypha wilkesiana Müll. Arg.  (Description)
Abies pindrow (Royle ex D. Don) Royle  (Description) Acantholimon calocephalum Aitch. & Hemsl.  (Description)
Abies spectabilis Mirb.  (Description) Acantholimon leptostachyum Aitch. & Hemsl.  (Description)
Abildgaardia ovata (Burm. f.) Kral  (Description) Acantholimon longiflorum Boiss.  (Description)
Abrus precatorius L.  (Description) Acantholimon longiscapum Bokhari  (Description)
Abutilon alii Abedin  (Description) Acantholimon lycopodioides (Girard) Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon bidentatum Hochst. ex A. Rich.  (Key, Description) Acantholimon munroanum Aitch. & Hemsl.  (Description)
Abutilon figarianum Webb  (Description) Acantholimon polystachyum Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon fruticosum Guill. & Perr.  (Key, Description) Acantholimon stocksii Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon ghafoorianum Abedin  (Description) Acanthophyllum grandiflorum Stocks  (Description)
Abutilon grandifolium (Willd.) Sweet  (Description) Acanthophyllum honigbergeri (Boiss.) Barkoudah  (Description)
Abutilon hirtum (Lam.) Sweet  (Key, Description) Acanthophyllum laxiflorum Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet  (Description) Acanthophyllum sordidum Bunge ex Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon karachianum S.A. Husain & Baquar  (Description) Acanthophyllum squarrosum Boiss.  (Description)
Abutilon muticum (Delile) Sweet  (Description) Acer acuminatum Wall. ex D. Don  (Description)
Abutilon pakistanicum Jafri & Ali  (Description) Acer caesium Wall. ex Brandis  (Description)
Abutilon pannosum (G. Forst.) Schltdl.  (Description) Acer campestre L.  (Description)
Abutilon ramosum (Cav.) Guill. & Perr.  (Description) Acer cappadocicum Gled.  (Description)
Abutilon sepalum S.A. Husain & Baquar  (Description) Acer negundo L.  (Description)
Abutilon theophrasti Medik.  (Description) Acer oblongum Wall. ex DC.  (Description)
Acacia albida Delile  (Description) Acer pentapomicum Stewart ex Brandis  (Description)
Acacia aneura F. Muell.  (Description) Acer turkestanicum Pax  (Description)
Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.  (Description) Achillea biebersteinii Afan.  (Description)
Acacia catechu (L. f.) Willd.  (Description) Achillea filipendulina Lam.  (Description)
Acacia cornigera (L.) Willd.  (Description) Achillea millefolium L.  (Key, Description)
Acacia decurrens Willd.  (Description) Achillea setacea Waldst. & Kit.  (Description)
Acacia eburnea (L. f.) Willd.  (Description) Achillea wilhelmsii K. Koch  (Description)
Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.  (Description) Achyranthes aspera L.  (Description)
Acacia filicioides (Cav.) Branner & Coville  (Description) Achyranthes bidentata Blume  (Description)
Acacia gageana Craib  (Description) Acokanthera oblongifolia (Hochst.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks.  (Description)
Acacia homalophylla A. Cunn. ex Benth.  (Description) Aconitum chasmanthum Stapf ex Holmes  (Description)
Acacia hydaspica J. R. Drummond ex R. N. Parker  (Description) Aconitum curvipilum Riedl  (Description)
Acacia jacquemontii Benth.  (Description) Aconitum heterophyllum Wall. ex Royle  (Key, Description)
Acacia leucophloea Willd.  (Description) Aconitum laeve Royle  (Description)
Acacia mearnsii De Wild.  (Description) Aconitum rotundifolium Kar. & Kir.  (Description)
Acacia melanoxylon R. Br.  (Description) Aconitum soongaricum Stapf  (Description)
Acacia mellifera (Vahl) Benth.  (Description) Aconitum violaceum Jacquem. ex Stapf  (Key, Description)
Acacia modesta Wall.  (Description) Aconogonon alpinum (All.) Schur  (Description)
Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Delile  (Description) Aconogonon coriarium (Grig.) Soják  (Description)
Acacia saligna (Labill.) H.L. Wendl.  (Description) Aconogonon molle (D. Don) H. Hara  (Description)
Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.  (Description) Aconogonon rumicifolium (Royle ex Bab.) H. Hara  (Description)
Acacia seyal Delile Aconogonon tortuosum (D. Don) H. Hara  (Key, Description)
Acacia sieberiana DC.  (Description) Acorus calamus L.  (Description)
Acacia sphaerocephala Cham. & Schltdl.  (Description) Acrachne racemosa (B. Heyne ex Roem. & Schult.) Ohwi  (Description)
Acacia torta (Roxb.) Craib  (Description) Acrocephalus hispidus (L.) Nicolson & Sivad.  (Description)

Acroglochin persicarioides (Poir.) Moq.  (Description) Ajuga bracteosa Wall. ex Benth.  (Description)
Actaea spicata L.  (Description) Ajuga parviflora Benth.  (Description)
Actinoscirpus grossus (L. f.) Goetgh. & D.A. Simpson  (Description) Akebia quinata (Houtt.) Decne.  (Description)
Adenanthera pavonina L.  (Description) Alajja rhomboidea (Benth.) Ikonn.  (Description)
Adonis aestivalis Link ex Webb & Berthel.  (Description) Alangium chinense (Lour.) Harms  (Description)
Adonis chrysocyathus Hook. f. & Thomson  (Description) Albizia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr.  (Description)
Adoxa moschatellina L.  (Description) Albizia julibrissin Durazz.  (Key, Description)
Aechmanthera tomentosa Nees  (Description) Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.  (Description)
Aegilops cylindrica Host  (Description) Albizia lophantha (Willd.) Benth.  (Description)
Aegilops tauschii Coss.  (Description) Albizia lucida Benth.  (Description)
Aegilops triuncialis L.  (Description) Albizia odoratissima (L. f.) Benth.  (Description)
Aeginetia pedunculata (Roxburgh) Wallr.  (Description) Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth.  (Description)
Aegle marmelos (L.) Corrêa  (Description) Alcea pallida Waldst.  (Description)
Aegopodium alpestre Ledeb.  (Description) Alcea rosea L.  (Description)
Aegopodium burttii Nasir  (Description) Aletris pauciflora (Klotzsch) Hand.-Mazz.  (Description)
Aeluropus lagopoides (L.) Trin. ex Thwaites  (Description) Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd.  (Description)
Aeluropus littoralis (Gouan) Parl.  (Description) Alhagi maurorum Medik.  (Description)
Aeluropus macrostachyus Hack.  (Description) Aliopsis pygmaea (Regel & Schmalh.) Omer & Qaiser  (Description)
Aerva javanica (Burm. f.) Juss.  (Description) Alisma gramineum Lej.  (Description)
Aerva lanata (L.) Juss. ex Schult.  (Description) Alisma lanceolatum With.  (Description)
Aerva sanguinolenta (L.) Blume  (Description) Allamanda cathartica L.  (Description)
Aeschynomene aspera L.  (Description) Allardia glabra Decne.  (Description)
Aeschynomene indica L.  (Description) Allardia nivea Hook. f. & Thomson ex C.B. Clarke  (Description)
Aesculus indica (Wall. ex Cambess.) Hook.  (Description) Allardia stoliczkae C.B. Clarke  (Description)
Aethionema carneum B. Fedtsch.  (Description) Allardia tomentosa Decne.  (Description)
Agathophora alopecuroides (Delile) Fenzl ex Bunge  (Description) Allardia tridactylites (Kar. & Kir.) Sch. Bip.  (Description)
Agave americana L.  (Description) Allardia vestita Hook. f. & Thomson ex C.B. Clarke  (Description)
Agave cantula Roxb.  (Description) Alliaria petiolata (M. Bieb.) Cavara & Grande  (Description)
Agave decipiens Baker  (Description) Allium atrosanguineum Schrenk  (Description)
Agave sisalana Perrine ex Engelm.  (Description) Allium baluchistanicum Wendelbo  (Description)
Agave vera-cruz Mill.  (Description) Allium barszczewskii Lipsky  (Description)
Agave wightii J.R. Drumm. & Prain  (Description) Allium borszczowii Regel  (Description)
Agriophyllum latifolium Fisch. & C.A. Mey.  (Description) Allium caesioides Wendelbo  (Description)
Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult.  (Description) Allium carolinianum DC.  (Description)
Agrostis filipes Hook. f.  (Description) Allium caspium M. Bieb.  (Description)
Agrostis gigantea Roth  (Description) Allium cepa L.  (Description)
Agrostis hissarica Roshev.  (Description) Allium chitralicum F.T. Wang & Tang  (Description)
Agrostis munroana Aitch. & Hemsl.  (Description) Allium consanguineum Kunth  (Description)
Agrostis pilosula Trin.  (Description) Allium dolichostylum Vved.  (Description)
Agrostis stolonifera L.  (Description) Allium farctum Wendelbo  (Description)
Agrostis vinealis Schreb.  (Description) Allium fedtschenkoanum Regel  (Description)
Agrostis viridis Gouan  (Description) Allium filidens Regel  (Description)
Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle  (Description) Allium filifolium Regel  (Description)
Ailanthus excelsa Roxb.  (Description) Allium gilgiticum F.T. Wang & Tang  (Description)
Ainsliaea aptera DC.  (Description) Allium gillii (Gilli) Wendelbo  (Description)
Ainsliaea latifolia (D. Don) Sch. Bip.  (Description) Allium griffithianum Boiss.  (Description)
Aitchisonia rosea Hemsl. ex Aitch.  (Description) Allium humile Kunth  (Description)
Aizoon canariense L.  (Description) Allium jacquemontii auct.  (Description)
Ajania fruticulosa (Ledeb.) Poljakov  (Description) Allium lamondiae Wendelbo  (Description)
Ajania tibetica (Hook. f. & Thomson ex C.B. Clarke) Tzvelev  (Description) Allium longicollum Wendelbo  (Description)

Allium macleanii Baker  (Description) Alyssum heterotrichum Boiss.  (Description)
Allium micranthum Wendelbo  (Description) Alyssum homalocarpum Boiss.  (Description)
Allium miserabile Wendelbo  (Description) Alyssum lanceolatum Baumg.  (Description)
Allium neapolitanum Cirillo  (Description) Alyssum linifolium Stephan ex Willd.  (Description)
Allium oreophilum C.A. Mey.  (Description) Alyssum marginatum Steud. ex Boiss.  (Description)
Allium oreoprasum Schrenk  (Description) Alyssum stapfii Vierh.  (Description)
Allium porrum L.  (Description) Alyssum turkestanicum Regel & Schmalh.  (Description)
Allium rosenbachianum Regel  (Description) Amaranthus caudatus L.  (Description)
Allium roylei Stearn  (Description) Amaranthus deflexus L.  (Description)
Allium sativum L.  (Description) Amaranthus graecizans Cutanda  (Description)
Allium schoenoprasum L.  (Description) Amaranthus hybridus L.  (Description)
Allium stipitatum Regel  (Description) Amaranthus lividus L.  (Description)
Allium stocksianum Boiss.  (Description) Amaranthus retroflexus L.  (Description)
Allium tenuicaule Regel  (Description) Amaranthus spinosus L.  (Description)
Allium tripterum Nasir  (Description) Amaranthus tenuifolius Wall.  (Description)
Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Spreng.  (Description) Amaranthus tricolor L.  (Description)
Allium umbilicatum Boiss.  (Description) Amaranthus viridis L.  (Description)
Allium victorialis L.  (Description) Ammannia auriculata Willd.  (Description)
Alloteropsis cimicina (L.) Stapf  (Description) Ammannia baccifera L.  (Description)
Alnus nitida (Spach) Endl.  (Description) Ammannia desertorum Blatt. & Hallb.  (Description)
Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f.  (Description) Ammannia multiflora Roxb.  (Description)
Aloitis azurea (Bunge) Omer  (Description) Ammannia verticillata Boiss.  (Description)
Aloitis falconeri (C.B. Clarke) Omer, Qaiser & Ali  (Description) Ammi huntii H.C. Watson  (Description)
Aloitis holosteoides Omer, Qaiser & Ali  (Description) Ammi majus L.  (Description)
Aloitis moorcroftiana (Wall. ex G. Don) Omer, Qaiser & Ali  (Description) Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam.  (Description)
Aloitis umbellata (M. Bieb.) Omer, Qaiser & Ali  (Description) Amorpha fruticosa L.  (Description)
Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.  (Description) Ampelocissus latifolia (Roxb.) Planch.  (Description)
Alopecurus arundinaceus Poir.  (Description) Anabasis haussknechtii Bunge ex Boiss.  (Description)
Alopecurus himalaicus Hook. f.  (Description) Anabasis lachnantha Aellen & Rech. f.  (Description)
Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.  (Description) Anabasis setifera Moq.  (Description)
Alopecurus nepalensis Trin. ex Steud.  (Description) Anagallis arvensis L.  (Key, Description)
Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G. Don  (Description) Anaphalis adnata DC.  (Description)
Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br.  (Description) Anaphalis boissieri Georgiadou  (Description)
Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson  (Description) Anaphalis busua (Buch.-Ham.) DC.  (Description)
Alternanthera paronychioides A. St.-Hil.  (Description) Anaphalis chitralensis Qaiser & Abid  (Description)
Alternanthera pungens Kunth  (Description) Anaphalis contorta (D. Don) Hook. f.  (Description)
Alternanthera sessilis (L.) R. Br. ex DC.  (Description) Anaphalis kashmiriana P.C. Pant, R.R. Rao & Garg  (Description)
Althaea cannabina L.  (Description) Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. f.  (Description)
Althaea ludwigii L.  (Description) Anaphalis nepalensis   (Key, Description)
Althaea officinalis L.  (Description) Anaphalis patentifolia Rech. f.  (Description)
Alysicarpus bupleurifolius (L.) DC.  (Description) Anaphalis roseo-alba Krasch.  (Description)
Alysicarpus heterophyllus (Baker) Jafri & Ali  (Description) Anaphalis royleana DC.  (Key, Description)
Alysicarpus longifolius Wight & Arn.  (Description) Anaphalis scopulosa Boriss.  (Description)
Alysicarpus monilifer (L.) DC.  (Description) Anaphalis staintonii Georgiadou  (Description)
Alysicarpus ovalifolius (Schumach.) J. Léonard  (Description) Anaphalis triplinervis (Sims) C.B. Clarke  (Description)
Alysicarpus rugosus (Willd.) DC.  (Description) Anaphalis virgata Thomson ex C.B. Clarke  (Description)
Alysicarpus scariosus Graham  (Description) Anastatica hierochuntica L.  (Description)
Alysicarpus tetragonolobus Edgew.  (Description) Anchusa arvensis (L.) M. Bieb.
Alyssum dasycarpum Stephan ex Willd.  (Description) Anchusa azurea Schur  (Description)
Alyssum desertorum Stapf  (Description) Andrachne aspera Spreng.  (Description)

Andrachne cordifolia Hemsl.  (Description) Anthochlamys polygaloides (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Moq.  (Description)
Andrachne telephioides L.  (Description) Anthoxanthum odoratum L.  (Description)
Andropogon munroi C.B. Clarke  (Description) Anthriscus nemorosa (M. Bieb.) Spreng.  (Description)
Androsace aizoon Duby  (Key, Description) Antidesma acidum Retz.  (Description)
Androsace akbaitalensis Derganc  (Description) Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn.  (Description)
Androsace baltistanica Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Aphelandra deppeana Schltdl. & Cham.  (Description)
Androsace duthieana Knuth  (Description) Aphragmus oxycarpus (Hook. f. & Thomson) Jafri  (Description)
Androsace flavescens Maxim.  (Description) Apium graveolens L.  (Description)
Androsace foliosa Duby  (Description) Apium leptophyllum (Pers.) F. Muell. ex Benth.  (Description)
Androsace harrissii Duthie  (Key, Description) Apium nodiflorum (L.) Lag.  (Description)
Androsace hazarica R.R. Stewart ex Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Apluda mutica L.  (Description)
Androsace himalaica (Knuth) Hand.-Mazz.  (Key, Description) Aquilegia baluchistanica Qureshi & Chaudhri  (Description)
Androsace lanuginosa Wall.  (Description) Aquilegia chitralensis Qureshi & Chaudhri  (Description)
Androsace lowariensis Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Aquilegia fragrans Benth.  (Description)
Androsace mucronifolia Watt  (Description) Aquilegia moorcroftiana Wall. ex Royle  (Description)
Androsace muscoidea Duby  (Description) Aquilegia nivalis (Baker) Falc. ex B.D. Jacks.  (Description)
Androsace ojhorensis Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Aquilegia pubiflora Wall. ex Royle  (Description)
Androsace robusta (R. Knuth) Hand.-Mazz.  (Key, Description) Arabidopsis brevicaulis (Jafri) Jafri  (Description)
Androsace rotundifolia Sm.  (Key, Description) Arabidopsis himalaica (Edgew.) O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Androsace russellii Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Arabidopsis lasiocarpa (Hook. f. & Thomson) O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Androsace sempervivoides Jacquem. ex Duby  (Description) Arabidopsis mollissima O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Androsace septentrionalis L.  (Description) Arabidopsis pumila (Stephan) N. Busch  (Description)
Androsace staintonii Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Arabidopsis russelliana Jafri  (Description)
Androsace studiosorum Kress  (Description) Arabidopsis stricta (Cambess.) N. Busch  (Description)
Androsace thomsonii (Watt) Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Arabidopsis taraxacifolia (T. Anderson) Jafri  (Description)
Androsace umbellata (Lour.) Merr.  (Description) Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.  (Description)
Androsace villosissima (Knuth) Y.J. Nasir  (Description) Arabidopsis wallichii (Hook. f. & Thomson) N. Busch  (Description)
Anemone falconeri Thomson  (Description) Arabis amplexicaulis Edgew.  (Description)
Anemone obtusiloba D. Don  (Key, Description) Arabis bijuga G. Watt  (Description)
Anemone polyanthes D. Don  (Description) Arabis fruticulosa C.A. Mey.  (Description)
Anemone rivularis Buch.-Ham. ex DC.  (Description) Arabis nova Vill.  (Description)
Anemone rupicola Cambess.  (Description) Arabis pangiensis G. Watt  (Description)
Anemone tetrasepala Royle  (Description) Arabis pterosperma Edgew.  (Description)
Anemone tschernjaewii Regel  (Description) Arabis saxicola Edgew.  (Key)
Anemone vitifolia Buch.-Ham. ex DC.  (Description) Arabis tenuirostris O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Anethum graveolens L.  (Description) Arabis tibetica Hook. f. & Thomson  (Description)
Angelica glauca Edgew.  (Description) Arachis hypogaea L.  (Description)
Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze  (Description) Aralia cachemirica Decne.  (Description)
Annona muricata L.  (Description) Araucaria columnaris (J.R. Forst.) Hook.  (Description)
Annona reticulata L.  (Description) Araucaria cunninghamii Aiton ex D. Don  (Description)
Annona squamosa L.  (Description) Arceuthobium minutissimum Hook. f.  (Description)
Anogeissus latifolia   (Description) Arceuthobium oxycedri (DC.) M. Bieb.  (Description)
Anoplocaryum brandisii Brand  (Description) Archangelica oreadum Diels  (Description)
Antenoron filiforme (Thunb.) Roberty & Vautier  (Description) Arcyosperma primulifolium O.E. Schulz  (Description)
Anthemis altissima L.  (Description) Ardisia solanacea Roxb.  (Description)
Anthemis arvensis L.  (Description) Areca catechu L.  (Description)
Anthemis cotula L.  (Description) Arenaria bryophylla Fernald  (Description)
Anthemis kandharica Iranshahr  (Description) Arenaria festucoides Benth.  (Description)
Anthemis odontostephana Boiss.  (Description) Arenaria griffithii Boiss.  (Description)
Anthemis rhodocentra Iranshahr  (Description) Arenaria leptoclados Boiss.  (Description)

Arenaria neelgherrensis Wight & Arn.  (Description) Artemisia laciniata Willd.  (Description)
Arenaria orbiculata Royle ex Edgew. & Hook. f.  (Description) Artemisia macrocephala Jacquem. ex Besser  (Description)
Arenaria serpyllifolia Bourg. ex Willk. & Lange  (Description) Artemisia minor Jacquem. ex Besser  (Description)
Argemone mexicana L.  (Description) Artemisia moorcroftiana Wall. ex DC.  (Description)
Argemone ochroleuca Sweet  (Description) Artemisia persica Boiss.  (Description)
Argostemma sarmentosum Wall.  (Description) Artemisia roxburghiana Wall.  (Description)
Argyreia nervosa (Burm. f.) Bojer  (Description) Artemisia rutifolia Stephan ex Spreng.  (Description)
Argyrolobium flaccidum Jaub. & Spach  (Description) Artemisia salsoloides Willd.  (Description)
Argyrolobium roseum Jaub.  (Description) Artemisia santolinifolia Turcz. ex Besser  (Description)
Argyrolobium stenophyllum Boiss.  (Description) Artemisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit.  (Description)
Arisaema flavum (Forssk.) Schott  (Description) Artemisia sieversiana Ehrh. ex Willd.  (Description)
Arisaema jacquemontii Blume  (Description) Artemisia stricta Fisch. ex Herder  (Description)
Arisaema pertusum Riedl  (Description) Artemisia vulgaris L.  (Description)
Arisaema propinquum Schott  (Description) Arthraxon lancifolius (Trin.) Hochst.  (Description)
Arisaema tortuosum (Wall.) Schott Arthraxon prionodes (Steud.) Dandy  (Description)
Arisaema utile Hook. f. ex Schott  (Description) Arthrocnemum indicum (Willd.) Moq.  (Description)
Aristida abnormis Chiov.  (Description) Arthrocnemum macrostachyum (Moric.) K. Koch  (Description)
Aristida adscensionis L.  (Description) Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.  (Description)
Aristida cyanantha Nees ex Steud.  (Description) Artocarpus lakucha Buch.-Ham.  (Description)
Aristida funiculata Trin. & Rupr.  (Description) Arum jacquemontii Blume  (Description)
Aristida hystricula Edgew.  (Description) Arundinaria falcata Nees  (Description)
Aristida mutabilis Trin. & Rupr.  (Description) Arundinella nepalensis Trin.  (Description)
Aristida triticoides Henrard  (Description) Arundo donax L.  (Description)
Aristolochia bracteolata Lam.  (Description) Asclepias curassavica L.  (Description)
Aristolochia elegans Mast.  (Description) Asparagus adscendens Roxb.  (Description)
Aristolochia punjabensis Lace  (Description) Asparagus capitatus Baker  (Description)
Arnebia benthamii (Wall. ex G. Don) I.M. Johnst.  (Description) Asparagus densiflorus (Kunth) Jessop  (Description)
Arnebia decumbens (Vent.) Coss. & Kralik  (Description) Asparagus dumosus Baker  (Description)
Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I.M. Johnst.  (Description) Asparagus filicinus Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don  (Description)
Arnebia fimbriopetala Stocks  (Description) Asparagus gharoensis Blatt.  (Description)
Arnebia grandiflora (Trautv.) Popov  (Description) Asparagus monophyllus Baker  (Description)
Arnebia griffithii Boiss.  (Description) Asparagus neglectus Kar. & Kir.  (Description)
Arnebia guttata Bunge  (Description) Asparagus officinalis L.  (Description)
Arnebia hispidissima (Sieber ex Lehm.) A. DC.  (Description) Asparagus persicus Baker  (Description)
Arnebia inconspicua Hemsl. & Lace  (Description) Asparagus racemosus Willd.  (Description)
Arnebia linearifolia A. DC.  (Description) Asparagus setaceus (Kunth) Jessop  (Description)
Arnebia speciosa Aitch. & Hemsl. Asperugo procumbens L.  (Description)
Artabotrys hexapetalus (L. f.) Bhandari  (Description) Asperula glomerata (M. Bieb.) Griseb.  (Description)
Artemisia absinthium L.  (Description) Asperula karataviensis Pavlov  (Description)
Artemisia amygdalina Decne.  (Description) Asperula oppositifolia Regel & Schmalh.  (Key, Description)
Artemisia annua L.  (Description) Asperula setosa Jaub. & Spach  (Description)
Artemisia biennis Willd.  (Description) Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav.  (Description)
Artemisia capillaris Miq.  (Description) Asthenatherum forskalii (Vahl) Nevski  (Description)
Artemisia desertorum Spreng.  (Description) Astilbe rivularis Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don  (Description)
Artemisia dracunculus L.  (Description) Astragalus affghanus Boiss.  (Description)
Artemisia dubia Wall. ex Besser  (Description) Astragalus alitschuri O. Fedtsch.  (Description)
Artemisia elegantissima Pamp.  (Description) Astragalus amherstianus Benth.  (Description)
Artemisia gmelinii Weber ex Stechm.  (Description) Astragalus ammophilus Kar. & Kir.
Artemisia incisa Pamp.  (Description) Astragalus anisacanthus Bunge  (Description)
Artemisia japonica Schmidt  (Description) Astragalus auganus Bunge  (Description)

Astragalus bakaliensis Bunge  (Description) Astragalus kahiricus DC.  (Description)
Astragalus bakeri Ali  (Description) Astragalus kashmirensis Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus bicuspis Fisch.  (Description) Astragalus khalifatensis Ali  (Description)
Astragalus breviscapus B. Fedtsch.  (Description) Astragalus koschukensis Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus campylorhynchus Fisch. & C.A. Mey.  (Description) Astragalus kuramensis Baker  (Description)
Astragalus candolleanus Royle ex Benth.  (Description) Astragalus lamondiae I. Deml  (Description)
Astragalus chitralensis Ali  (Description) Astragalus lasiosemius Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus chlorostachys Lindl.  (Description) Astragalus laspurensis Ali  (Description)
Astragalus clarkeanus Ali  (Description) Astragalus leptus Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus coluteocarpus Boiss. Astragalus leucocephalus Graham ex Benth.  (Description)
Astragalus compositus Pavlov  (Description) Astragalus lowarensis Ali  (Description)
Astragalus concinnus Reiche  (Description) Astragalus macropterus DC.  (Description)
Astragalus concretus Benth.  (Description) Astragalus maddenianus Benth. ex Baker f.  (Description)
Astragalus confertus Benth. ex Bunge  (Description) Astragalus malacophyllus Hort. ex G. Don, in Loudon  (Description)
Astragalus congestus Baker ex Aitchison  (Description) Astragalus mangeri Bornm.  (Description)
Astragalus contortuplicatus L.  (Description) Astragalus maxwellii Royle  (Description)
Astragalus corrugatus Bertol.  (Description) Astragalus medius Schrenk  (Description)
Astragalus densiflorus Kar. & Kir.  (Description) Astragalus melanostachys Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus diopogon Bunge  (Description) Astragalus minuto-foliolatus Wendelbo  (Description)
Astragalus droshensis Ali  (Description) Astragalus mirabilis Lipsky  (Description)
Astragalus edelbergianus Širj. & Rech. f.  (Description) Astragalus mirus Sosn.  (Description)
Astragalus eremophilus Boiss. Astragalus munroi Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus falconeri Bunge  (Description) Astragalus neubauerianus Širj. & Rech. f.  (Description)
Astragalus fatmensis Chiov.  (Description) Astragalus nicharensis Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus fernandezianus Blatt.  (Description) Astragalus nivalis Kar. & Kir.  (Description)
Astragalus filicaulis Kar. & Kir.  (Description) Astragalus oihorensis Ali  (Description)
Astragalus flemingii Ali  (Description) Astragalus ophiocarpus Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus flexus Fisch.  (Description) Astragalus oplites Benth. ex R. Parker  (Description)
Astragalus frigidus (L.) A. Gray  (Description) Astragalus orbiculatus Ledeb.  (Description)
Astragalus gahiratensis Ali  (Description) Astragalus orthocarpus Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus ghaznianus Širj. & Rech. f.  (Description) Astragalus oxyglottis Steven ex M. Bieb.  (Description)
Astragalus gilgitensis Ali  (Description) Astragalus oxyodon Baker  (Description)
Astragalus gompholobium Benth. ex Bunge  (Description) Astragalus peduncularis Royle ex Benth.  (Description)
Astragalus gracilipes Bunge  (Description) Astragalus pindreensis (Benth. ex Baker f.) Ali  (Description)
Astragalus grahamianus Royle  (Description) Astragalus polyacanthus Wall.  (Description)
Astragalus graveolens Buch.-Ham. ex Benth.  (Description) Astragalus polybotrys Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus hamosus Bal. ex Bunge  (Description) Astragalus pseudo-beckii Širj. & Rech. f.  (Description)
Astragalus harsukhianus Rech. f.  (Description) Astragalus pseudochlorostachys Ali  (Description)
Astragalus hauarensis Boiss. Astragalus pseudo-psilacanthus Ali  (Description)
Astragalus hemsleyi Aitchison & Baker ex Aitchison  (Description) Astragalus psilacanthus Fisch.  (Description)
Astragalus hendersonii Baker  (Description) Astragalus ptilocephalus Baker  (Description)
Astragalus heydei Baker  (Description) Astragalus purpurascens Jacq. f. ex Steudel  (Description)
Astragalus himalayanus Klotzsch  (Description) Astragalus pyrrhotrichus Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus hoffmeisteri (Klotzsch) Ali Astragalus retamocarpus Boiss. & Hohen.  (Description)
Astragalus holdichianus Aitch.  (Description) Astragalus rhizanthus Royle ex Benth.  (Description)
Astragalus hosackioides Benth. ex Baker f.  (Description) Astragalus rhizocephalus Baker ex Aitchison  (Description)
Astragalus hostilis Boiss.  (Description) Astragalus schimperi Boiss.  (Description)
Astragalus imitensis Ali  (Description) Astragalus scorpiurus Bunge
Astragalus infestus Boiss.  (Description) Astragalus squarrosus Bunge  (Description)
Astragalus jabbor-khailii Kitam.  (Description) Astragalus staintonianus Ali  (Description)

Astragalus stewartii Baker  (Description) Bambusa arundinacea (Retz.) Willd.  (Description)
Astragalus stocksii Benth. ex Bunge  (Description) Bambusa glaucescens (Willd.) Merr.  (Description)
Astragalus strictus Graham ex Benth.  (Description) Barleria acanthoides Vahl  (Description)
Astragalus strobiliferus Benth.  (Description) Barleria cristata L.  (Description)
Astragalus subuliformis DC.  (Description) Barleria hochstetteri Nees  (Description)
Astragalus subumbellatus Klotzsch  (Description) Barleria prionitis L.  (Key, Description)
Astragalus sultani Ali  (Description) Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn.  (Description)
Astragalus sykesiae N.D. Simpson  (Description) Basella alba L.  (Description)
Astragalus tibetanus Bunge  (Description) Bassia dasyphylla (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Kuntze  (Description)
Astragalus toppinianus Ali  (Description) Bassia eriophora (Schrad.) Asch.  (Description)
Astragalus tribulifolius Benth. ex Bunge  (Description) Bassia hyssopifolia (Pall.) Kuntze  (Description)
Astragalus tribuloides Kotschy ex Bunge Batrachium rionii (Lagger) Nyman  (Description)
Astragalus trichocarpus M.J. Young  (Description) Batrachium trichophyllum F.W. Schultz  (Description)
Astragalus webbianus Graham ex Benth.  (Description) Bauhinia corymbosa Roxb. ex DC.  (Description)
Astragalus xanthoxiphidiopsis Rech. f.  (Description) Bauhinia linnaei Ali  (Description)
Astragalus zanskarensis Benth. ex Bunge  (Description) Bauhinia purpurea L.  (Description)
Astragalus zarghumensis Rech. f.  (Description) Bauhinia retusa Roxb.  (Description)
Asyneuma strictum Wendelbo  (Description) Bauhinia vahlii Wight & Arn.  (Description)
Asyneuma thomsonii (Hook. f.) Bornm.  (Description) Bauhinia variegata L.  (Description)
Asystasia gangetica (L.) T. Anderson  (Description) Beaumontia grandiflora Wall.  (Description)
Atelanthera perpusilla Hook. f. & Thomson  (Description) Begonia picta Sm.  (Description)
Atraphaxis pyrifolia Bunge  (Description) Begonia tenella D. Don  (Description)
Atraphaxis spinosa L.  (Description) Bellevalia glauca auct.  (Description)
Atriplex aucheri Moq.  (Description) Bellevalia saviczii Woron.  (Description)
Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt.  (Description) Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.  (Description)
Atriplex dimorphostegia Kar. & Kir.  (Description) Berberis aitchisonii Ahrendt  (Description)
Atriplex griffithii Moq.  (Description) Berberis baluchistanica Ahrendt  (Description)
Atriplex halimus L.  (Description) Berberis brandisiana Ahrendt  (Description)
Atriplex hortensis L.  (Description) Berberis brevissima Jafri  (Description)
Atriplex lasiantha Boiss.  (Description) Berberis calliobotrys Bien. ex Koehne  (Description)
Atriplex leucoclada Boiss.  (Description) Berberis chitria Lindl.  (Description)
Atriplex pamirica Iljin  (Description) Berberis glaucocarpa Stapf  (Description)
Atriplex schugnanica Iljin  (Description) Berberis huegeliana C.K. Schneid.  (Description)
Atriplex stocksii Boiss.  (Description) Berberis jaeschkeana C.K. Schneid.  (Key)
Atriplex tatarica L.  (Description) Berberis kashmirana Ahrendt  (Description)
Atropa acuminata Royle  (Description) Berberis kunawurensis Royle  (Description)
Atylosia mollis Benth.  (Description) Berberis lycium Royle  (Description)
Atylosia platycarpa Benth.  (Description) Berberis orthobotrys Bien. ex Aitch.  (Key, Description)
Atylosia scarabaeoides (L.) Benth.  (Description) Berberis pachyacantha Bien. ex Koehne  (Key)
Avena barbata Pott ex Link  (Description) Berberis parkeriana C.K. Schneid.  (Description)
Avena byzantina K. Koch  (Description) Berberis pseudumbellata R. Parker  (Key, Description)
Avena fatua L.  (Description) Berberis royleana Ahrendt  (Description)
Averrhoa bilimbi L.  (Description) Berberis stewartiana Jafri  (Description)
Averrhoa carambola L.  (Description) Berberis ulicina Hook. f. & Thomson  (Description)
Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh.  (Description) Berchemia edgeworthii M.A. Lawson  (Description)
Axyris hybrida L.  (Description) Berchemia floribunda (Wall.) Brongn.  (Description)
Axyris prostrata L.  (Description) Berchemia pakistanica Browicz  (Description)
Azadirachta indica A. Juss.  (Description) Bergenia ciliata Sternb.  (Key, Description)
Balanophora involucrata Hook. f.  (Description) Bergenia stracheyi (Hook. f. & Thomson) Engl.  (Description)
Baliospermum montanum (Willd.) Müll. Arg.  (Description) Bergia aestivosa (Wight) Steud.  (Description)

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