Evolution of Leaf

                             Topic:  Evolution of Leaf    

      Bold options are right one

1.      Leaves formed in the Devonian period of ….. Million years ago.

(a)    ~ 360 – 400      (b) ~ 130      (c) ~ 425      (d) ~250

2.      Earliest land plants appeared ……. million years ago.

(a)    ~ 360 – 400      (b) ~ 130      (c) ~ 425      (d)none

3.      The earliest land plant that did not produce leaves….

(a)   Cook sonia        (b) Rhynia      (c) fern       (d) both a & b

4.      Early leaves were little more than flaps of tissue, were reported in plant…

(a)    Lycopodium        (b) Selaginella  (c) fern          (d) a & b

5.      The leaf-like structures on non-vascular bryophytes are not true leaves.

(a)   True leaves        (b) not true leaves       (c) fronds leaves        (d) none

6.      The leaves are produced only by…..plants.

(a)   vascular       (b) non vascular    (c) bryophyte  (d) all

7.      A model in which leaves are derived from planar tissues forming between and fusing together adjacent branches is called….

(a)   Tunica theory     (b) telome theory    (c) megaphyll theory  (d) webbing origin

8.      Leaves with a single vascular strand are known as…

(a)   megaphyll     (b) Microphylls      (c) Saporophylls    (d) mesophylls

9.      The larger leaves were first observed in plant……

(a)   Ferns       (b) mosses        (c) Rhynia         (d) both a & b

10.  On Evolutionarily base distinct types of leaves are……

(a)   4                      (b) 3                 (c) 2             (d) 1

11.  The tiny leaves that surround the meristem are called….

(a)   leaf primordial        (b)  apical shoot        (c) apical meristem      (d) b & c

12.  The small leaves are Associated with……..

(a)   stem         (b)apical meristem           (c) eustele                  (d) protosteles

13.  The larger leaves are Associated with………..

(a)   stems        (b)apical meristem        (c) eustele        (d) protosteles

14.  Leafs Began as small scale like or spine like outgrowths called…….

(a)   enations       (b) venation          (c) horsetails      (d) a & b

15.  Enation theory of leaf origin was purposed by……

(a)   Zimmerman       (b) bower      (c) wittaker           (d) Ernst Hakel

16.  Which one theory was purposed by Zimmermann……..

(a)   Enation        (b) venation        (c) telome        (d) none

17.  According to Zimmermann the development of megaphyll take place by……

(a)   Overtopping       (b)webbing       (c) planation     (d) all

18.  Enation theory is related to the origin of…..

(a)   Microphylls         (b) megaphyll      (c) stem         (d) all

19.  It is observed that high trees rarely have leaves……

(a)  Large  (b) small    (c) complex        (d) both a & b

20. Trees that grow in…… regions have pointed leaves.

(a)   Desert        (b) aquatic          (c) temperate  (d) subtropical

21.  In vascular plant sporophytes, leaves are lateral appendages that share…

(a)  Two        (b) four         (c) six          (d) none

22.  In lycophytes, three competing hypotheses propose evolution of the leaf (‘microphyll’):

(a)   1        (b)2        (c) 3            (d)4 

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Systematics

mcqs on Systematics :

Classification based on comparison of one or few characteristics is called

A) Natural system of classification

B) Artificial system of classification

C) Phylogenetic system of classification

D) All of these

Two or more species occupying same or overlapping areas are

A) Sympatric

B) Sibling

C) Sub specie

D) Allopatric

Basic unit or smaller taxon of taxonomy is

A) Species

B) Kingdom

C) Family

D) Variety

Taxon refers to

A) category

B) Member

C) A rank in hierarchy of categories

D) Any type of taxonomic grouping showing concrete biological objects

Branch of science that deals with identification nomenclature and classification of organism is called

A) Systematics

 B) Taxonomy

 C) Classification

D) Nomenclature

Touch-me-not is common name for

A) Impatient balsamiferous

B) Mimosa pudica

C) Balsam

D) All of these

System of classification used by Linnaeus was

A) Natural system

 B) Artificial system

 C) Synthetic system

 D) None

The term taxon for the first time was used by

A) ICBN

B) ICZN

C) Mayr

 D) De candoil

Species living in different geographical areas are

A) Sibling species

 B) Morph species

C) Sympatric specie

D) Allopatric specie

The term specie was given by

A) John Ray

 B) Linnaeus

C) Darwin

D) Aristotle

Isotype is a specimen

A) Which is duplicate of holotype

B) Which is described along with holotype

C) Which is nomenclatural type when the original is missing

D) None

The fundamental and mathematical basis as an aid to the classification of organism is called

A) Taximetrics

B) Numerical taxonomy

C) Palynology

D) None of these

 There are following phases of plant systematic

A) 5

 B) 4

 C) 6

D) 8

Pre-evolutionary phase is also called

A) Alpha phase

B) Beta phase

C) Gamma phase

D) None

Study and sharing about chemical characteristics also known as

A) Cytogenetic  

B) Chemotaxonomy

C) Numerical taxonomy

D) Biosynthetic phase

Who scientist proposed that four phases into two phases

A) Valentine and Love

B) Thurill

C) Radford

D) None of these

Which phase is also called experimental phase

A) Cytogenetic

B) Encyclopedic

C) Pre-evolutionary phase

D) Numerical taxonomy

Alpha phase are categorize on the bases of

A) Genetic features

B) External features

C) Both of these

D) None

Valentine and Love categorize

A) 4 phases

B) 5 Phases

C) 6 Phases

D) NONE

Phylogeny and inter-relationship found between taxa on the basis of number, type and arrangement of chromosome is:

A) Cytotaxonomy

B) Chromatotaxonomy

C) karyotaxonomy

D) Chemotaxonomy

An important criterion for modern day classification is :

A) Resemblance in morphology

B) Anatomical and physiological traits

C) Breeding habits

D) Presence or absence of notochord

In the plants of the green family, the cotyledon is known as:

A) Coleoptile

B) Scutellum

C) Endosperm

D) Stomium

Eating the individual of its own species is called:

A) Coprophagy

B) Autophagy

C) Mutualism

D) Cannibalism

A process by which gene moves within a population by mating and exchange of gene is called:

A) Genetic drift

B) Super flow

C) Gene flow

D) Gene exchange

The formation of a new species is called:

A) Evolution

B) Descent with modification

C) Specialization

D) Speciation

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Mcqs on Angiosperms

TOPIC:

             Angiosperms

Red option are right one

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

·         Angiosperms is evolved from ---------word.

1.        Latin          2.  Greek            3.  French

·         Angeion meaning-----------.

    1. Case        2.  Seed        3.  Locule

·         Sperm meaning-------------.

        1. Flower      2.   Seed        3. Coat

·         Early gymnosperms and angiosperms were---------- pollinated.

1.       Water     2.  Wind      3.  Rain

·         Angiosperms evolved in --------------period.

1.       Devonian period   2.  Mediterranian         3.  crustaceous

·         Angiosperms protect their seed in an ovary called----------.

1.       Pericarp        2.  fruit            3. seed

·         Angiosperms evolved about ---------------million years ago.

1.       100       2.  125-100              3. 100-90

·         Angiosperms are --------------plants.

1.       Seed producing        2.  flowering   3.  spermatophytes

·         Flowers have array of colours’shapes and smells to attract ------------.

1.       Humans      2. pollinators     3. insects

·         The angiosperms egg is fertilized and formed into a------------------.

1.       Pericarp           2. seed          3.  fruit

·         It is considered that Angiosperms are co-evolved with -----------.

1.       Insects          2.  animals           3. plants 

·         Angiosperms are --------------evolved from gymnosperms.

1.       Parallely        2.  Laterally           3.  transversely

·         A specie and its descendants are known as ----------.

1.       History           2. phyly           3.  clade

·         The most primitive living angiosperms is considered to be-----------.

                        1. Vaccinaria              2. salmonella            3.  Amborella tichopods

·         A.trichopoda is small plant native to --------.

                         1. New Caledonia            2.  America            3.  France

·         Angiosperms produced gametes in -------------organs.

1.       Separate           2. fused        3.  female

·         Flowering plants are the most diverse phylum on earth after----------.

1.       Arthropods           2.  insects                 3.  animals

·         The relationship of pollinators and flowers is one of  the best example of------------.

1.       Friendship                  2. co-evolution             3.  none

·         Complex reproductive part of angiosperms is-------------.

1.       Seed                   2. fruit               3.  flower

·         Angiosperms contain ---------------.

1.       Fertilization           2. double fertilization              3.  none

·         Phloem of angiosperm contain ----------and -----------.

1.       Sieve elements           2. tuberous cells        3. companion cells      4.  both a&c

·         Principles of angiosperms phylogeny is known as ------------.

1.       Dicta                2.  phyly                   3.  dictum

·         Angiosperms include ------------classes

1.       2        2.  6         3.  4           4.  7

·         Angiosperms develop from ---------------with sclariform pitting.

1.       Vessels                        2. trachieds                        3.  eudicot 

·         Magnolia plant of cycadaceae family is-----------.

1.       Eudicot                        2. monocot                      3. dicot

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Double fertilization

Topic        Mcqs on    Double fertilization

Bold option are correct  

1)      double fertilizaztion is speciality of ....

(a)angiosperm   (b)gymnosperm   () pteridophytes

2)       it is called so because...

(a)2male   (b) 2 male fused with egg and fusion of nucleus  (c)4n is formed

3)        in male combine withfusion nucleus form......

(a)2n    (b) 3n     (c) 4n

4)       the process is initilized as.....

(a) pollination    (b) seed      (c) endosperm

5)            before the fertilization ovule contain nucleus....

(a) 2       (b) 4        (c)6

6)        after the fertilization ovule have nucleus.....

(a) 2    (b) 4     (c)8

  7)         two nucleus near the egg is called .....

(a)  antipodal       (b) synergids     (c) endosperm

8)         what is wrong about the fusion of nucleus ........

(a) fusion of nucleus are polar nuclei   (b) is a female cell     (c) after fusion nucleus becom 4n

9)        which is correct sentence about double fertilization.....

(a) it lack the formation of endosperm      (b) it help plants economize its food   (c) one male gametes fuse whith 2 cell

10)         zygote nucleus develop into..........

(a) ambryo   (b ) nutritive cell    (c) enospermic cell

11)       fertilized egg after secreting thin wall it form....

(a) oosphere    (b)   oospore      (c) zygot

12)         which sentence is wrong........

(a) oospore is first cell of gametophytes   (b)oospre is first cell of sporophytes   (c )both

13)      oospore later devide into....

(a)syngnid and bassal supeior   (b)basal superior and embryo cell  (c) none

14)       process of xenia is .........

(a)effect the tissu on  embryo    (b) effect the environment on formetion of embryo   (c) both

15)      the process of meta xena is.......

(a) effect of pollen on pericarp    (b) effect of pollen tube on formation of embryo   (c)none

16)       extra food is store in.....

(a) in seed   (b) fruit pulp   (c) zygot

17)     dicot is octant type......

(a) seed   (b)embryo    (c) zygot

18)       embryo of dicot is.......

 (a) octant type   (b)filamentous type   (c) dioloide type

19)       embryo of monocot is.........

(a) filamentous    (b) octant    (c) diploid

20)    gram is ..........

(a) endospermic seed   (b) non endospermic    (c) monocot

21)       in non endospermic seed..........

(a) endosperm is present but small   (b) not present     (c) food is completely use for embryo

22)         the endo sperm formation  follows.......

(a)fertilization     (b)seed coat formation    (c)embryo development

23)     xania and meta xania is due to..........

(a)endospermic formation    (b)seed   (c) double fertilization

24)       which is correct........

(a) fusion of second  male gametes leads to free nucleus division      (b)serves as safeguard  against loss of enegy    (c) both

25)     resurting triploid cells  develop into........

(a) pericarp      (b) seed      (c)endosperm

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