Asclepiadaceae Plant Family Description

Asclepiadaceae Plant Family Description

This family have 280 genera and near about 1800 species.

Distribution

This family is dominant in tropical regions mainly in south and central America. It is also well represented in PAKISTAN. Most common species is  Calatropis procera and Crptostegia grandiflora is cultivated in gardens.

Characteristics 

Habit

Mostly members are herbaceous.

Root 

They have tap root.

Leaf

They have simple leaves which are ex-stipulate. some are fleshy covered with wax. They have opposite arrangement.

Stem

They have herbaceous stem. Hoya have fleshy stem.

Inflorescence

They have two type of inflorescence.
   1. Cymose      2. Racemose
Mainly cymose inflorescence is founded. 

Flower

 Mostly flowers are Pentamerous and bi-sexual.They have succulent flowers. Their symmetry is mostly Actinomorphic. Zygomorphic is very rear. Flowers have bracts.

Calyx

They have 5 sepals,poly-sepalous and inferior

 Corolla

 5 petals which are fused and form a short tubes.

Corona 

 simple. Have 5 appendages which are attached to Staminal tube.

Androecium

Have 5 stamens. Anthers are united and form a blunt cone. This cone is attached to the head of stigma.

Gynoecium

 Mostly bicarpellary. Styles are united and form Swollen stigma heads. Ovary is mostly Superior.

Fruit

 Mostly with 2 Follicles and some time only single follicle.

Seed

Seed is usually small and have long hairs. The purpose of long hairs is for dispersal.
IMPORTANT GENERA

• Asclepias curasssavica 
• Oxystelma esculentum 
•  Calotropis gigantea
•  Stapelia variegata
•  Hoya longifolia
• Daemia extensa
  

calotropis procera diagram

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Classification and Discription of Trianthema portulacastrum (Lonak or Qulfa)

Classification of Trianthema portulacastrum

Kingdom	Plantae
Subkingdom	Tracheobionta
Superdivision	Spermatophyta
Division	Magnoliophyta
Class	Magnoliopsida
Subclass	Caryophyllidae
Order	Caryophyllales
Family	Aizoaceae
Genus	Trianthema L
Species	Trianthema portulacastrum
Botanical Name	Trianthema portulacastrum

 

Trianthema portulacastrum

Plant Characteristics

Habit: Annual, Perennial

Growth Habit: Herb/Forb

Common name lonak,qulfa

Habitat: Desert, Riparian. This plant is a weed in irrigated areas.

Flower Color: Pink, Pinkish purple

Flowering Season: Summer, Fall

Height: To 39 inches (99 cm) tall, but typically less since the plants are prostrate

Description: The flowers are tiny, 5-lobed, and only open in the morning. The leaves are green, succulent, oval-shaped, and in opposite pairs of unequal size. The stems are fleshy, prostrate, and often reddish in color

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Rhynchosia minima classification and description(Snout bean)

Rhynchosia minima classification

kingdom	Plantae
	Angiosperm
	Eudicots
	Rosids
Order	Fabales
Family	Fabaceae
Sub-family	Faboideae
Tribe	Phaseoleae
Sub-tribe	Canjaninae
Genus	Rhynchosia Lour
Species	R. minima
Botanical name	Rhynchosia minima

 

Rhynchosia minima

It is a flowering plant and a member of legume family
Its common name is Snout-Bean and jumby-bean.It can exist in every region
It is a Perennial Herb.
Its trailing stem have a size up-to 1.2 meters
Leaves have 3 leaflets.leaflets have 3-3.5 cm in size.
Raceme inflorescence is present in snout bean. 
Flowers are yellowish in color.
Fruit is 2 to 3 cm long
  

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Ranunculus scleratus Classification and common name

Ranunculus scleratus

kingdom	Plantae
Division	Magnoliophyta
Class	Magnoliopsida
Order	Ranunculales
Family	Ranunculaceae
Genus	Ranunuculus
Species	R. scleratus
Botanical name	Ranunculus scleratus

Common name    Cursed Buttercup,Celery-Leaved buttercup

It is a perennial.
Its size is about 2ft.

Flowering season is MAY to SEPTEMBER
They are hermaphrodite. (Plant having male and female organs on same flower)
Flies help them in pollination.

Ranunculus scleratus

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Ranunculus muricatus Classification (Spiny fruit buttercup)

Ranunculus muricatus

kingdom	Plantae
	Angiosperms
	Eudicots
Order	Ranunculales
Family	Ranunculaceae
Genus	Ranunuculus
Species	R. muricatus
Botanical name	Ranunculus muricatus

Common name    Spinyfruit Buttercup

Ranunculus muricatus

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TYPES OF ROOT

Mcqs on ROOT TYPES

 Chose the correct option

1. The principle water observing organ of plant is
    1. Leaf 2. Stomata 3. Root
2. Root without vascular bundles called as
       1. Root hair 2. Rhizoid 3. Tap root
3. Roots anchor the plant also perform function of
       1. Store food 2. Water absorb 3. Both
4. Epiphytes attach with rocks due to
       1. Arial roots 2. Leaf structure 3. None
5. Arial roots are present in
    1. Herbs 2. Climbing plants 3. Desert plant
6. Parasitic plant have special type of root
    1. Rhizoid 2. Tap root 3. Haustorial root
7. Single cells projection on roots are
    1. Root hairs 2. Pericycle 3. None
8. Roots hairs main function is
    1. Increase roots area 2. Increase water uptake 3. Both
9. Water up take in young root is rapid due to
    1. Presence of cutin 2. Absence of cutin 3. None
10. Cutin is a compound which
    1. Repeal water 2. Love water 3. None
11. Usually roots store
   1. Lipid 2. Carbohydrate 3. Fats
12. Store food help plants to
    1. Absorb more water 2. Surviving in stress 3. Both
13. Mycorhizae is the association of plant
    1. Root and fungi 2. Leaf and algae 3. Seed and bacteria
14. Legumes have association with
    1. Oxygen fixing bacteria 2. Nitrogen fixing bacteria 3. Carbon fixing bacteria
15. Root initial from
   1. Redicle 2. Plomule 3. Embryo
16. There is no Redicle in family
   1. Poaceae 2. Orchidacea 3. None
17. The primary root from secondary is root is form
      1. Tap root 2. Fibrous root 3. Adventitious root
 18. Root with no primary root and have same size
   1. Tap root 2.  Fibrous root 3. Adventitious root
19. Fat primary root have stored food
   1. Elongated tape root 2. Tuberiod root  3. None
20. Fibrous root with accumulation of nutrients called as
  1. Elongated tape root 2. Tuberiod root 3. None

21. Swollen portion of root have buds to produce a new shoot
    1. Root tuber 2. Arial root 3. Root nodule
22. Ficus produce a special type of root known as
   1. Strangling root 2.  Haustorial root 3. None
23. Tape root fused with stem and become woody
    1. Lignotuber 2. Haustorial root 3. None
24. Adventitious root which develop on trunk
   1. Prop root 2. Stilt root 3. Both
25. Spongy, Ariel roots present in water logged soils and can’t have enough oxygen to form healthy tissue
    1. Haustorial root 2. Pneumatophores 3. Tubular roots 

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Camellia sinensis

common name tea plant click here to download as pdf

tea plant

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