Key Stone Species

     Key Stone Species

1) A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance

a) Endangered species b) distinct species c)threatened species d)keystone species

2) Keystone species are playing a critical role in maintaining the structure of an 

A) Environment b) ecosystem c) biosphere d) ecological community

3) A dramatically change occur in the environment due to

A) Dieing b) death of a specie c) preying d) all

4) keystone species was a small part of the ecosystem by measures of

A) Biomass b) production c) biome d) none

5) The example of a keystone species

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Evolution of bryophytes

MCQs (Evolution of bryophytes)

1.      Which one of the following is not common between Funaria and Selaginella?

                   a) archegonium              b) embryo               c) flagellate sperms               d) roots

2.      Pteridophytes differ from mosses/bryophytes in possessing

                   a) independent gametophyte                b) well developed vascular system

                   c) archegonia                                            d) flagellate spermatozoids.

3.      Multicellular branched rhizoids and leafy gametophytes are the characteristics of

                    a) some bryophytes          b) Ptredophytes     c) all bryophyte          d) gymnosperms.

4.      Bryophytes can be separated from algae, because they

                      a) possess archegonia                          b) contain chloroplast

                      c) are thalloid forms                              d) have no conducting tissue.

5.      Which of the following is true about bryophytes?

                      a) they are thalloid                        b) they posses archegonia        

                      c) they contain chloroplast            d) all of these.

6.      In a moss, the sporophyte

                      a) manufactures food for itself, as well as for the gametophyte

                      b) is partially parasitic on the gametophyte

                      c) produces gametes that give rise to the gametophyte

                      d) arises from a spore produced from the gametophyte

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Evolution of dicot plant

                             

                               Topic: Evolution of dicot plant

                             

                                

                                         

                  Choose the best answer

1-      How many species of dicot?

1-100,000                               2-600,000                           3-300,000

2- No of part of each flower in dicot?

1-three                                       2-three or four                      3-four or five

2-      No of pores in pollen of dicot?

1-five                                           2-six                                        3-three

4-No of cotyledon in dicot

1-three                                      2-two or three                       3-two

5-Arrangment of vascular bundles in stem

1-scattered                               2-arranged                             3-concentric circles

6-Arrangment of major leaf veins

1-parallel                                 2-antiparallel                           3-reticulate

7-Which type of roots develop in dicot   

1-adventitious                       2-fiberous                                  3-taperoot system            

8-Is secondary growth present in dicot?

1-present                                2-absent                                    3-often present

9-Vascular tissues arranged in

1-circular                                    2-anticircular                         3-ring

10-The vascular system divided into

1-cortex                                     2-stele                                    both 1and2

11-Secondary growth helps in production of

1-wood                                     2-stele                                   3-wood and bark

12-In an annual ring the light colored part is

1-heartwood                         2-latewood                             3-earlywood

13-The dark and harder portion of secondary xylem that cannot conduct water in older stem called

1-bast                                   2-wood                                         3-duraman

14-As secondary growth proceeds in a dicot stem increase

1-sapwood increase                        2-heartwood increase                              3-both heart and sap wood

15-Which one of the following is the correct sequence of tissues present in dicot stem during secondary growth?

1-phellogen, cork, primary stem, secondary cortex    2-cork’secondary cortex, phellogen, primary stem

                                         3-primary cortex, secondary cortex, phellogen                                                                                                                           16-xylem in dicot is                                                                                                                                                                                           1-endarch                                   2-mesarch                                                3-exarch                                                                                  17-the cambium is partly                                                                                                                                                                                        1-primary                                    2-secondary                                             3-both 1and 2                                                                       18-more amount of cork is produced                                                                                                                                                           1-water transport                      2-respiration                                           3-protection                                                                                 19-less amount of cork is produced in                                                                                                                                                      1-stem                                         2-leaves                                                    3-root                                                                                        20-the parenchymatous conjunctive tissue forms                                                                                                                                                      1-vascular bundle                     2-vessel                                                    3-vascular cambium                                                                                                 21any example of dicot                                                                                                                                                                                  1-ficus                                         2-maize                                                     3-musa                                                                                         22-what condition of cambial ring in dicot root in beginning and later                                                                                                1-circular                                  2- ring form                                                  3-wavy                                                                                                     23-stem develop from                                                                                                                                                                                 1-plumule                                  2-radical                                                 3-adventitious root                                                                      24-roots develop from                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1-radicle                                    2-plumule                                               3-none of these                                                                                           25-what type of venation in dicot leaf                                                                                                                                                                          1-net –like venation              2-parallel venation                                  3- antiparallel venation

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Evolution

Evolution
1. what is meant by variation…….

(a) evolution  (b)difference among individuals (c)change in life

2. Phenotypic variations are……..

(a)change in physical appearance (b)change in genetic makeup

(c) change in environment               (d)change in embryo

3. Continous variation will be…….

(a)Qualitative (b) measureable (c) Quantitative (d) None

4. Qualitative measurement includes in……

(a)Continous variation (b)discontinous variation

(c) genetics variation    (d)Developmental variations

5. Developmental changes occur in stages…

(a)Juviline-adult (b)adult (c)both (d) none

6. variation may be shown in…..

(a)physical appearance (b)metabolism 

(c) mode of reproduction (d)All

7. Concept of variation firstly proposed by…..

(a)Darwin (b)Lamarck (c)Whittaker (d)None

8.The concept of variation was published in the book…..

(a)Origin of species (b) Plant taxonomy

(c) Evolution of angiosperms (d) none of these

9. Enviromental variation occurs due to….

(a)Stress (b) temperature (c) salinity (d) all

10. The concept of variation was proposed in….

(a) 1760 (b) 1859  (c)1880 (d)1866

11. Types of variation are….

(a)Continuous & discontinuous (b) continuous

 (c)discontinuous            (d)none

12. Continous variation is smoothly grading b/w two…

(a)Individuals (b) populations (c) species (d) Extremes

13. Hieght in human population is example of….

(a)continuous variation (b)Quantitative variation

(c)Discontinuous variation (d) both a & b

14. Qualitative variations are composed of…..

(a)Individual (b) species (c) none (d) populations

15.Example of discontinuous variation are……

(a)height (b)blood group (c)Fertility (d)None

16.Well-defined classes include in…

(a)qualitative (b)continuous (c)population (d)species

17.polymorphic variation is…..

(a)continuous variation (b)Variation with several classes none of which is small (c) both  (d) discontinuous

18.climate may effect….

(a)genetic variations (b)polymorphic variations

(c)environmental variation (d)developmental variation

19.Example of polymorphic variations…..

(a)different vegetations (b)higher organisms (c)heredity

20.enviromental variation do not involve….

(a)mutations (b)chromosomal changes

 (c)hereditary alterations (d)All

21.Variations caused by nuclear genes are…..

(a)environmental (b)genetic (c)developmental

22.red huckleberry is native to…

(a) Western America (b)north America (c)western north America

23.Juvinile leaves of Vaccinium parvifolium is….

(a) dark yellow (b) dark green (c)light green (d)smooth

24.Presence of differently shaped leaves on the same shoot defines the term……

(a)heterophylly (b)sporophll (c)systematics (d)stachyosporous

25. Recombination & mutation may effect….

(a)developmental variations (b) genetic variations

(c)both of these               

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Isolation Mechanism

Topic                               Isolation Mechanism

1.The term of isolating mechanism was introduced by

   1.1939s       2.1932s     3.1918s      4.(1930s)

2.In isolating  mechanism concept of biological sp  are defined through.

1.(reproductive ) 2.   temporal   isolation   3. ecological  isolation 4.behavioral isolation

3.Sperm  transfer takes place but egg  in  not  fertilized.

1.zygotic  mortality 2.hybrid  mortality  3.(gamete incompatibility) 4.hybrid breakdown

4.In how many group isolation can differentiate

1.(Two) 2. three 3.seven 4.  nine

5.The sperm cell cannot fuse with the egg

1.(Pre-zygotic)2.post-zygotic3.pre-mating4.post-mating

6.Factors which causes sp to make with own kind

1.post-mating 2.(pre-mating)3.behavioral isolation4.mechanical isolation

7.The f1 generation can viable but further cannot viable

1.hybrid steriytrt2.(hybrid breakdown)3.temporal isolayion4.zygotic mortality

8.The emphasizing on post-mating mechanism

1.animal2.insect3.human4.(plant)

9.The imbalance of gene complexes contributed by

1.onesp 2.three sp3.group of sp 4.(two sp)

10.The importance of post-mating mechanism

1.(animal )2.insect 3.human. 4.plant

11.If hybrid are formed they partially produced

1.( hybrid sterility) 2.hybrid breakdown 3.hybrid mortality 4.behavioral isolation

12. If fertilization takes place other post –mating will operate hybrid

1.( Zygotic in viability) 2.zygotic mortality 3.hybrid sterility 4.post-mating

13. Premating mechanism fail than which mechanism come into play

 1.( post-mating) 2.pre-zygotc 3.pre-mating 4.hybrid-mortality

14. Ecological isolation is important component of

1. post-mating 2.(pre-mating )3.hybrid sterility 4.hybrid mortality

15. The desert sp in which flower opening morning while other later in after none

1.( Ecological isolation )2.behavioral isolation 3.temporal 4.mechanical

16. Western pine normally sheds its pollen in.

1.( Feb and April )2.june and march 3.july and  April 4.august   and November

17. The plant in which one sp of animal pollinator over other

1.( Orchids )2.pine 3.acaria 4.omega

18. Which isolation play a key role in both animal and plant

1.( ecological )2.temporal 3.behavioral 4.mechanical

19.Floral isolation is a form of.

 1.( morphological) 2.multiple 3.hybrid 4.zygote

20. There are many terms of reproductive isolation

1. 8       2. 5         3.(7)            4. 10

21. Types of pre-zygotic isolation mechanism

1.(  6    ) 2.  8      3.  9     4   .10

22. The 2 sp are found in different  geographical but different habitat

1.( geographical isolation) 2.mechanical 3.physiological 4.temporal

23. The process on which sp exert selective pressure on each  other

1.( Co evolution) 2.adaptive radiation 3.hybridize 4.sympatric evolution

24. The combination of genetic material of 2 distinct sp

1.  gradualism 2.extinction 3. (hybridize) 4.adaptive radiation

25. No longer in extinction

1. (extinction) 2.coevolution 3.sympatric 4.hybridize

                         

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The general characteristic and economic importance of family apiaceae

The general characteristic and economic importance of family apiaceae

1.       The Apiaceae is synonym of

a)    Umbelliferae             b) Asteraceae                    c) Brassicaceae                  d) Malvaceae

2.       The flower of family Apiaceae is

a)      Complete                    b) perfect                            c) imperfect                       d) a & b

3.       This family contain

a)      2,700 sp.                      b) 3,000 sp.                         c) 3,700 sp.                          d) 4,700 sp.

4.       Inflorescence of family Umbelliferae

a)      Simple                          b) compound                     c) compound umbel       d) a & c

5.       The flower of Apiaceae

a)      zygomorphic              b) hermaphrodite            c) Actinomorphic              d) b & c

6.       Mostly plant habit

a)      herbs                            b) shrubs                             c)rarely trees                     d) a & c

7.       there are about ________ genera

a)      500                                 b) 300 or ~300                    c) 200                                    d) 400

8.       Plant contain ___________leaves

a)      Opposite                     b) alternate                        c) whorl                                d) none of this

9.       The seed have Endosperm in family_________.

a)      Cucurbitaceae           b) Malvaceae                     c) rananclaceae                 d) none of these

10.   Leaves are

a)      Finely Pinnate           b) sometimes palmate c) rarely simple                 d) all of these

11.   Ovary

a)      Bicarpellary                 b)syncarpuos     c)bilocular           d) inferior            e) all of these

12.   Flower some time

a)      Unisexual                    b)hermaphrodite             c) actinomorphic              d) small

13.   Androecium

a)      Epigynous                   b) bilobed                           c) small                                 d) none of these

14.   The members of family are used as fodder of animals.

a)      Heracleum spp.        b) angelica spp.                c) a & b                                 d) none of these

15.   Which family, plant contain volatile oils and resins.

a)      Malvaceae                                  b) Solanaceae                    c) Apiaceae                         d) graminae

16.   The family member which is poisons

a)      Cuminum                    b) conium                            c) foiniculum                      d) Oenathe

17.   Which member of family apiaceae is more or less narcotic in its effect?

a)      foiniculum                  b) conium                            c) Oenathe                         d) Cuminum

18.   Hydrocotyle (Brahmi) is useful for

a)      Brain                              b) eyes                                                 c) skin                                   d) digestive system

19.   Following member are used as drug for

a)      Skin disease               b) digestive disorders    c) injuries                            d) none of these  

20.   Cuminum (zira) belongs to family

a) Apiaceae                        b) Solanaceae                    c) Malvaceae                     d) graminae

21.   Medicinal herbs are 

a) Daucus                            b) Apium                             c) Oenathe                         d) both a & b

22.   usually flowers are

a)      incomplete                    b) syncarpous     c) pentamerous      d) brecteate             e) both c & d

23.   floral formula of apiaceae

a)           ,         , K_{5, or} C₅, A₅, G ₍₂₎          
b)           ,               K_{5, or} C₅, A₅, G ₍₂₎

c)           ,         , K_{5, or} C₅, A₅, G ₍₂₎           d)           ,         , K_{5, or} C₅, A₅, G ₍₂₎

24.   calyx is absent in

a)      Foeniculum vulgare                                b) Aorun cari      c) Dauccus carota            d) Centella asiatica

25.   The plant commonly found in

a)      Aquatic         b) terrestrial       c) temperate region       d) woody lands

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